A field‐emitter‐array cathode‐ray tube (FEA‐CRT)

Abstract

High-resolution bright CRT monitors with Spindt-type field-emitter arrays (FEA-CRTs) as electron guns have been realized for the first time. The FEA chip consists of 868 electron sources arranged within an emitter circle 50 µm in diameter and a vertical current limiter (VECTL) which protects the FEA chips from damage caused by an arc electric discharge. The FEA-CRT has a minimum electron beam diameter of 0.84 mm at 18 kV and 100 µA.

Laser-Induced Rapid Growth of Tungsten Crystals

“…WF 5 W͑s͒ ϩ 5F ͓3͔ Thermodynamic modeling of the reaction behavior of Eq. 2 and 3 has been performed following the approach outlined by McCarty et al 12 and has been adapted to localized laser processing.…”

“…From these fluxes the ͑heterogeneous͒ reaction rate, i.e., the rate of removal/deposition of W species at the solid surface can be estimated. The equilibrium concentrations of WF 6 , WF 5 , and F within the reaction zone are estimated from the law of mass action, taking the corresponding free energies of species either from 12 or from the JANAF tables. 13 The etch/deposition rate is then obtained from the net flux of W atoms…”

“…Local thermodynamic equilibrium kinetics of the system WF 6 , WF 5 , F, and W͑s͒ at an initial WF 6 pressure of 2 mbar. 12 Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, 5 ͑2͒ C25-C27 ͑2002͒ 0013-4651/2001/5͑2͒/C25/3/$7.00 © The Electrochemical Society, Inc.…”