A Few Dilemmas Pertaining Transportation Infrastructures and Their Sustainability

Issues and Perspectives in Railway Management from a Sustainability Standpoint

“…To this purpose, in the model set up in the present work, the total cost associated to a track solution is the sum of agency cost (AC), user cost (UC), and externality cost (EXC) [Praticò, 2011;Pratico and Vaiana, 2012;Praticò et. al.…”

Impact of Asphalt Mixture Specification Limits: A Theoretical Analysis

“…LCCA is a process for evaluating the total economic worth of a usable project segment by analyzing initial costs and discounted future cost, such as maintenance, user, reconstruction, rehabilitation, restoring, and resurfacing costs, over the life of the project segment (Walls and Smith 1998). Minimizing the pavement life cycle costs will increase the sustainability of the pavement system (Praticò 2016). LCCA includes agency costs (AC), which include initial preliminary engineering, contract administration, construction supervision and construction costs, as well as future routine and preventive maintenance, resurfacing and rehabilitation costs, salvage values, and sunk costs.…”

“…ACs affect the present value (PV) of agency costs (i.e. the future amount of expenses, discounted to reflect the current value, Praticò 2016). The difference between the PV referred to the rehabilitation works of the design pavement and the PV referred to the modified pavement (i.e., changing percentage of mix aggregates, percentage of asphalt binder or its penetration) is the pay adjustment (PA), which is defined as "the actual amount, either in dollars or in dollars per area/weight/volume, which is to be added or subtracted to the contractor's bid price or unit bid price" (Hughes et al 2011).…”