“…Some of the midnfulness research was conducted in the Asian countries including Iran (Kian et al, 2018) (Hosseini et al, 2021)(Ravari et al, 2020), Saudi Arabia (Obaya et al, 2023) and China (Guo et al, 2022). Other countries that have conducted studies on mindfulness are Australia (Pearson et al, 2018), Canada (Dreger et al, 2015)and the United States (DiNardo et al, 2022) (Xia et al, 2022) (Whitebird et al, 2018). In conducting mindfulness research, most researchers use two groups, namely a treatment group (mindfulness or a combination with other therapies) and a control group in the form of education, regular care or physical activity (Kian et al, 2018) (Hosseini et al, 2021) (Pearson et al, 2018) (Ravari et al, 2020) (DiNardo et al, 2022) (Obaya et al, 2023) (Guo et al, 2022).…”