A feasibility study of virtual slides in surgical pathology in China

Li, Xinxia; Liu, Jianying; Xu, Haixia; Gong, Encong; McNutt, Michael A.; Li, Feng; Anderson, Virginia; Gu, Jiang

doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2007.04.019

Cited by 47 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…However, whereas relatively abundant information is available in some areas, validation studies are very scant in several subspecialties and completely absent in others. Some validation studies include biopsies from several subspecialties instead of analyzing biopsies with similar characteristics [33,39,40,41,42,43]. This relative absence of validation studies has led to reluctance in the implementation of WSI in routine clinical practice.…”

Section: The Need For Validation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This relative absence of validation studies has led to reluctance in the implementation of WSI in routine clinical practice. Nevertheless, the number of centers implementing this technology is increasing due to the positive experiences reported in many departments [41,42,44,45]. …”

Section: The Need For Validation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies have evaluated a variety of different specimens from the routine practice in the department of pathology, including between 25 and 607 samples [22,39,40,41,80,81]. Inter- and intraobserver agreement between WSI and CLM varied from 75 to 97.7% depending on the study.…”

Section: Surgical Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of Whole-Slide Imaging for Histolopathogical Diagnosis: Current State

et al. 2016

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Rapid advances in informatics and technological improvements have led to the development of high-throughput whole-slide imaging (WSI) scanners able to produce high-quality digital images, which allow achieving a correct diagnosis of the biopsies using virtual viewers. This technology is currently prepared to be introduced in the departments of pathology for routine diagnosis. The aim of this review is to analyze the current evidence regarding the use of WSI in primary or routine diagnosis in the different subspecialties of pathology. An increasing number of studies have shown almost perfect inter- and intraobserver agreement between the diagnoses obtained with WSI and the classical diagnoses based on conventional light microscopy. The only exception seems to be cytology, which still requires some technological development. Although validation studies are needed in some areas of pathology, growing evidence indicates that WSI is a reliable tool for routine diagnosis. Pathologists have a positive perception of the ergonomics of the workstations, the low magnification of WSI and the possibility of making annotations and measurements. WSI can be used from any device and anywhere, thereby providing great opportunities for teleconsultation. New technologies such as the recognition of histopathology patterns using image analysis may facilitate diagnosis and improve the reproducibility among pathologists in the future.

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Section: The Need For Validation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Need For Validation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of Whole-Slide Imaging for Histolopathogical Diagnosis: Current State

et al. 2016

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“…A review of current devices was reported in 2006 [40], and serves as a starting point for interested readers; however, the field is in a constant and rapid state of change, and hence the newest information on current scanning devices is generally only available from the manufacturers themselves. Many studies of whole-slide imaging technology are available for histopathologic applications, including frozen section and permanent slide applications [2,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50]. Only a few reports detail the use of whole-slide images in cytology diagnostic applications [3,51,52].…”

Section: Telediagnosis/teleconsultationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Cytology: Current State of the Art and Prospects for the Future

Wilbur¹

2011

Acta Cytologica

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The growth of digital methods in pathology is accelerating. Digital images can be used for a variety of applications in cytology, including rapid interpretations, primary diagnosis and second opinions, continuing education and proficiency testing. All of these functions can be performed using small static digital images, real-time dynamic digital microscopy, or whole-slide images. This review will discuss the general principles of digital pathology, its methods and applications to cytologic specimens. As cytologic specimens have unique features compared to histopathology specimens, the key differences will be discussed. Technical and administrative issues in digital pathology applications and the outlook for the future of the field will be presented.

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“…So, the digital slide and the WSI are ideal for slide archiving, quality control and reporting, and they have the potential to greatly improve work-flow efficiency given that pathologists spend considerable time on non-diagnosis related tasks like searching for and matching slides to paper works (Ghaznavi et al 2013). The digital slides also enable remote consultation (second opinion) and remote diagnosis extending high quality health-care to regional hospitals that lack experienced pathologists (Li et al 2007;Lu et al 2015a). Figure 1.4: Cervical cytology screening based on whole slide imaging with automated screening machine used for primary diagnosis, assuming the automated screening machine picks x% of slides for manual screening once and y% of slides for manual screening twice.…”

Section: Whole Slide Imaging Based Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for rapid and high quality acquisition of whole slide images

Fan¹

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In the past two decades, whole slide imaging (WSI) has been increasingly used in clinical pathology, research and education thanks to advances in technology. However, existing digital slide scanners for WSI are incapable of efficiently scanning cytology specimens in "glass-faithful quality". In particular, cervical cytology specimens used for cervical cancer screening need to be imaged at multiple focal planes and at high spatial resolution. So, the aim of this thesis is to develop novel methods for improving the scan efficiency of cytology specimens. Preliminary investigations narrowed the research into two directions: to optimise the scan parameters (e.g. the scan map, the focus profile map and the number of focal planes to be scanned) for scanning cytology specimens, and to investigate the fast slanted (specimen) scan.Creating an accurate scan map followed by estimating the focus profile map of the specimen can significantly reduce the scan time, but previous methods are not robust to slide artefacts such as ink marker and dusts. The first research aspect of this thesis has focused on the development of a robust method that not only creates an accurate scan map but also provides a ranked list of focus candidates required for estimating the focus map. Specifically, tiles representing field-of-views to be scanned at high resolution are located on the low resolution images and evaluated with regards to whether they contain foreground objects and how good they are as focus candidates. Four metrics were proposed for the tile evaluation: threshold index (TI) that measures the image intensity; normalised auto-correlation index (NACI) that measures the spatial image similarity; auto-phase correlation index (APCI) that measures the image phase diversity; and entropy index (EI) that measures the predictability of image intensities. The experimental results indicated that while NACI, APCI and EI are effective for specimen delineation, only APCI is capable of selecting superior focus candidates and ignoring artefacts.Knowing the three-dimensional distribution of the specimen can help to determine the minimal number of focal planes to be acquired, and hence the minimal scan time. A method has been developed to evaluate the thickness of all cell and cell clumps in cervical cytology specimens incorporating an exhaustive high-resolution scan, an over-complete wavelet transform across multi-focal planes and a cell clump segmentation method. The accuracy and usefulness of the method was evaluated and demonstrated by quantitative analysis of ten Pap stained Thin-prep cervical slides. In particular, it was found that creating a focus profile map was able to reduce the number of scanning focal planes from 25.4 to 21.4 on average. It was also shown that the distribution of cells was skewed towards the cover-slip (top of the slide), so by considering the thickness of the specimen, an improved focal map i can be produced to further reduce the required number of 1 micron spaced focal planes to 18.6.The last research aspect of...

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A feasibility study of virtual slides in surgical pathology in China

Cited by 47 publications

References 18 publications

Validation of Whole-Slide Imaging for Histolopathogical Diagnosis: Current State

Validation of Whole-Slide Imaging for Histolopathogical Diagnosis: Current State

Digital Cytology: Current State of the Art and Prospects for the Future

Methods for rapid and high quality acquisition of whole slide images

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