In this work, superparamagnetic Fe3O4@PPy nanocomposite with core‐shell structure having strong near‐infrared (NIR) absorption is synthesized via a facile two‐step modified procedure. The prepared nanocomposite samples are characterized by UV–vis, FTIR, SEM, TEM, VSM, and XRD. The effects of laser power density (1.5–2.5 W cm−2) and aqueous concentration (0.01–0.2 mg ml−1) of the nanocomposite on the photothermal performance are investigated in the NIR region (808 nm). At 0.1 mg ml−1 concentration, the temperature reaches up to 50.1°C, 64.1°C, and 78.4°C within 10 min, under 1.5 W cm−2, 2.0 W cm−2, and 2.5 W cm−2 NIR laser power density values, respectively. Photothermal conservation efficiency is calculated as 43.9% and the nanocomposite exhibits excellent photothermal stability. In summary, the core‐shell Fe3O4@PPy nanocomposite is a promising candidate for photothermal therapy and simultaneous magnetic field‐guided treatments.