A Fault-Tolerant Ethernet for Hard Real-Time Adaptive Systems

Gessner, David; Proenza, Julián; Barranco, Manuel; Ballesteros, Alberto

doi:10.1109/tii.2019.2895046

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Yuanyuan Xu et al [ 27 ] proposed a scheduling method of an AFDX terminal system based on time-triggered and event-triggered, which ensures the different delay requirements of different data types of AFDX. David Gessner et al [ 28 ] designed an FTT replicated star for Ethernet (FTTRS), a communication subsystem that tolerates permanent and transient faults, even if they occur simultaneously. It can guarantee hard, real-time requirements and increase the reliability of the network.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Xueqian Tang et al [ 29 ] performed the worst-case delay analysis using a revised trajectory approach for an AFDX network. Manuel Barranco et al [ 30 ] quantitatively evaluated the mechanism to deal with faults of FTTRS [ 28 ]. Inés Álvarez et al [ 31 ] proposed to use time redundancy to tolerate temporary faults in the links for time-sensitive networking (TSN), and evaluated the end-to-end delay, the jitter, and the bandwidth consumption of the network.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and Reliability Analysis of a Novel Redundancy Topology Architecture

Liu

Gao

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Topology architecture has a decisive influence on network reliability. In this paper, we design a novel redundancy topology and analyze the structural robustness, the number of redundant paths between two terminal nodes, and the reliability of the proposed topology by using natural connectivity and time-independent and time-dependent terminal pair reliability, k-terminal reliability, and all-terminal reliability comprehensively and quantitatively, and we compare these measures of the proposed topology with AFDX in three scenarios. The evaluations show that in the structural robustness analysis, when no nodes are removed, the natural connectivity of the proposed topology with 10 nodes, 16 nodes, and 20 nodes is 77.8%, 26.95%, and 81.39% higher than that of AFDX, respectively. In the time-independent reliability analysis, when the link reliability is 0.9, terminal pair reliability of the proposed topology with 10 nodes, 16 nodes, and 20 nodes is 5.78%, 17.75%, and 34.65% higher than that of AFDX, respectively; k-terminal reliability is 10.04%, 31.97%, and 53.74% higher than that of AFDX, respectively; and all-terminal reliability is 29.36%, 74.37%, and 107.91% higher than that of AFDX, respectively. In the time-dependent reliability analysis, when the operating time is 8000 h, the terminal pair reliability of the proposed topology with 10 nodes, 16 nodes, and 20 nodes is 3.53%, 10.87%, and 21.08% higher than that of AFDX, respectively; the k-terminal reliability is 6.20%, 19.65%, and 32.58% higher than that of AFDX, respectively; and the all-terminal reliability is 18.25%, 45.04%, and 63.86% higher than that of AFDX, respectively. The proposed topology increases the redundant paths of data transmission. It ensures reliable data transmission and has high robustness and reliability. It provides a new idea for improving the reliability of industrial buses.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Reliability Analysis of a Novel Redundancy Topology Architecture

Liu

Gao

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…This technique consists in transmitting several copies of each frame in a preventive manner to maximise the chances that at least one correct copy reaches the destination. Examples of protocols and systems that rely on proactive frame replication to tolerate temporary faults in the links are the Time-Triggered Protocol (TTP) [ 15 ], the GOOSE protocol [ 16 ], the MARS approach [ 17 ] and the Flexible Time-Triggered Replicated Star (FTTRS) network architecture [ 18 ].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Experimental Evaluation of the Proactive Transmission of Replicated Frames Mechanism over Time-Sensitive Networking

Álvarez

Furio

Proenza

et al. 2021

Sensors

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In recent years the Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) Task Group (TG) has been working on proposing a series of standards to provide Ethernet with hard real-time guarantees, online management of the traffic and fault tolerance mechanisms. In this way the TG expects to create the network technology of future novel applications with real-time and reliability requirements. TSN proposes using spatial redundancy to increase the reliability of Ethernet networks, but using spatial redundancy to tolerate temporary faults is not a cost-effective solution. For this reason, we propose to use time redundancy to tolerate temporary faults in the links of TSN-based networks. Specifically, we have proposed the Proactive Transmission of Replicated Frames (PTRF) mechanism, which consists in transmitting several copies of each frame in a preventive manner. In this article we present for the first time a detailed description of the mechanism, with the three different approaches we have designed. We also present the implementation of PTRF in a real TSN prototype. Furthermore, we carry out a qualitative comparison of the different approaches of the mechanism and we experimentally evaluate the approaches of the mechanism in a quantitative manner from three perspectives: the end-to-end delay, the jitter and the bandwidth consumption.

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“…Several other standard solutions available as a reliable interconnect are including Time-Triggered Protocol(TTP) [3] and Aeronautical Radio, Incorporated (ARINC 664) [4]. With growing need in bandwidth and demand for integrating different levels of criticality in a single physical network, these solutions are being used in a broad variety of systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of Service Study in Synchronized Time-Triggered Aerial Networks

Tariq

Petrunin

Al‐Rubaye

et al. 2020

2020 AIAA/IEEE 39th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)

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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have shown tremendous potential in both military and civilian applications, for example, in delivery services, search and rescue, and surveillance. Currently, UAVs can perform several tasks while in flight. UAVs have real-time systems with limited capability for time-triggered synchronization, which impose synchronization limitations for their platforms. Additionally, there is no timetriggered synchronization between the UAVs and the ground station. One of the requirements for a reliable communication links between a UAV and a ground station is the need for synchronization using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) in a time-triggered network. However, the information exchange between UAV and ground station lacks the time-triggered abilities. In this context, GNSS time can be used as an external source to allow UAV performing tasks connected to the ground station with time-stamped messages. In this paper, we investigate the capability of GNSS as an external time source for the timetriggered network to achieve high quality of service (QoS) of a communication link between the ground station and UAV. Simulations analysis was conducted to evaluate the overall system performance, which gives a better understanding of performance of a time-triggered wired and wireless network.

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A Fault-Tolerant Ethernet for Hard Real-Time Adaptive Systems

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Design and Reliability Analysis of a Novel Redundancy Topology Architecture

Design and Reliability Analysis of a Novel Redundancy Topology Architecture

Design and Experimental Evaluation of the Proactive Transmission of Replicated Frames Mechanism over Time-Sensitive Networking

Quality of Service Study in Synchronized Time-Triggered Aerial Networks

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