A Fault-Tolerance Solution to Any Set of Failure Scenarios on Dynamic WDM Optical Networks With Wavelength Continuity Constraints

Abstract

Survivability of internet services is a significant and crucial challenge in designing optical networks. A robust infrastructure and transmission protocols are needed to maintain communication, despite the existence of one or more failed components on the system. Here, we present a generalized approach to tolerate any set of failure scenarios to the extent network users can still communicate with the remaining components, where a scenario is an arbitrary set of links in a non-operational state. We propose a joint solution to assess the survivability problem. The issues to be solve simultaneously are as follows: the set of primary routes, a collection of alternate routes associated with each failure scenario, and the capacity required on the network to allow communication between all users, in spite of any considered failure scenario, while satisfying for each user a specific predefined quality of service threshold, defined in the Service Level Agreement (SLA). Numerical results show that the proposed approach not only enjoys the advantages of low complexity and ease of implementation, but it is also able to achieve significant resource savings compared to existing methods. The savings are higher than 30% on single link failures and more than 100% on two simultaneous link failures cases or in more complex failure scenarios. INDEX TERMS Network capacity, optical networks, quality of service, routing, survivability.

Robust QoT Assured Resource Allocation in Shared Backup Path Protection Based EONs

“…From Eqs. ( 23)-( 29), we can observe that, maximum possible (robust) end-to-end crosstalk interference calculated in (29) is different for each FS of a particular request. Therefore, in this MILP formulation, we employ robust bitloading where each FS of a request is assigned with different MF (in both working and backup paths) based on robust SINR at that FS using Eqs.…”

“…Moreover, authors in this study considered differentiated shareable FS cost to share the backup FSs more efficiently. In addition, significant research has been carried out regarding dynamic SBPP EON in [17]- [19], [29]. However, all the above mentioned studies did not consider the effect of PLIs in RSA design of SBPP EON.…”

“…Finally, maximum possible crosstalk power at each FS 'f' with MF 'm' at the destination node of every working path 'p' of each request 'r' considering all possible single link failure and no link failure conditions is computed as shown in (29).…”

Fault Tolerant Control of Distributed System Based on Neural Network

“…Distributed estimation has wider applicability and stronger reliability than centralized and decentralized strategies. Distributed estimation is mainly used in systems measured by sensor networks, which degenerate into conventional centralized measurement systems [9][10]. Therefore, the centralized estimation strategy can be regarded as a special case of distributed estimation.…”

Hesitant-Fuzzy Sets-Based Computational Approach for Evaluating the Survivability Impact of Multi-Fiber WDM Networks: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Perspective

“…The intermediate period between failures is approximately 367 years per km [1]. As per NSFNet, in a 26000 km wide optical fiber based network, there is one fiber cut in 5 days [2]. There is an even greater probability of two simultaneous faults in the optical network; roughly 0.0027 as opposed to 24 hours a year [3].…”