A Fatal Case of Isolated Methiopropamine (1-(Thiophen-2-yl)-2-Methylaminopropane) Toxicity

Anne, Sravan; Tse, Rexson; Cala, Allan

doi:10.1097/paf.0000000000000170

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…However, for most intoxication cases, the use of multiple substances was reported, and the extent to which MPA contributed to the reported adverse effects remains unclear. A death from isolated MPA use was described, in which cardiac arrhythmia that induced cardiovascular collapse was named as the probable cause of death (Anne et al 2015). Dopaminergic neurodegeneration and myocardial, renal, and gastrointestinal damage were observed in mice that were exposed to MPA (Foti et al 2019;Nguyen et al 2019).…”

Section: Adverse Effects Of Thiophene Designer Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designer drugs: mechanism of action and adverse effects

2020

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Psychoactive substances with chemical structures or pharmacological profiles that are similar to traditional drugs of abuse continue to emerge on the recreational drug market. Internet vendors may at least temporarily sell these so-called designer drugs without adhering to legal statutes or facing legal consequences. Overall, the mechanism of action and adverse effects of designer drugs are similar to traditional drugs of abuse. Stimulants, such as amphetamines and cathinones, primarily interact with monoamine transporters and mostly induce sympathomimetic adverse effects. Agonism at l-opioid receptors and c-aminobutyric acid-A (GABA A) or GABA B receptors mediates the pharmacological effects of sedatives, which may induce cardiorespiratory depression. Dissociative designer drugs primarily act as N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists and pose similar health risks as the medically approved dissociative anesthetic ketamine. The cannabinoid type 1 (CB 1) receptor is thought to drive the psychoactive effects of synthetic cannabinoids, which are associated with a less desirable effect profile and more severe adverse effects compared with cannabis. Serotonergic 5-hydroxytryptamine-2A (5-HT 2A) receptors mediate alterations of perception and cognition that are induced by serotonergic psychedelics. Because of their novelty, designer drugs may remain undetected by routine drug screening, thus hampering evaluations of adverse effects. Intoxication reports suggest that several designer drugs are used concurrently, posing a high risk for severe adverse effects and even death.

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Section: Adverse Effects Of Thiophene Designer Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designer drugs: mechanism of action and adverse effects

2020

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“…In 2012, two methiopropamine-related deaths were first reported in the UK [23] while the first ever case in Australia was reported in 2015 where a post-mortem investigation found 38mg/L of methiopropamine in the blood of the deceased [40]. Acute toxicity related to methiopropamine where 400ng/ml was found in urine, has also been reported.…”

Section: Fig 1 the Structures Of Commonly Encountered Psychostimulantsmentioning

confidence: 93%

An overview of emerging and new psychoactive substances in the United Kingdom

Beharry

Gibbons

2016

Forensic Science International

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The purpose of this review is to identify emerging or new psychoactive substances (NPS) by undertaking an online survey of the UK NPS market and to gather any data from online drug fora and published literature. Drugs from four main classes of NPS were identified: psychostimulants, dissociative anaesthetics, hallucinogens (phenylalkylamine-based and lysergamide-based materials) and finally benzodiazepines. For inclusion in the review the 'user reviews' on drugs fora were selected based on whether or not the particular NPS of interest was used alone or in combination. NPS that were use alone were considered. Each of the classes contained drugs that are modelled on existing illegal materials and are now covered by the UK New Psychoactive Substances Bill in 2016. AbstractThe purpose of this review is to identify emerging or new psychoactive substances (NPS) by undertaking an online survey of the UK NPS market and to gather any data from online drug fora and published literature. Drugs from four main classes of NPS were identified: psychostimulants, dissociative anaesthetics, hallucinogens (phenylalkylamine-based and lysergamide-based materials) and finally benzodiazepines. For inclusion in the review, the 'user reviewers' on drugs fora were selected based on whether or not the particular NPS of interest was used alone or in combination. NPS that were used alone were considered.Each of the classes contained drugs that are modelled on existing illegal materials and will be covered by the UK New Psychoactive Substances Bill in 2016.

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“…Even a case of sudden death has been related to the use of MPA, as there were neither health problems nor other drugs or alcohol detected in the toxicological post-mortem analysis: MPA was detected in the blood (38 mg/l) and urine. The autopsy showed nonspecific pulmonary oedema consistent with a fatal cardiac arrhythmia inducing cardiovascular collapse, with the same mechanism of action as METH [8]. However, the authors did not describe any microscopic feature consistent with specific organ damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Phenotypic effects of chronic and acute use of methiopropamine in a mouse model

et al. 2018

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Methiopropamine (MPA) is a structural analogue of methamphetamine and belongs to the category of the novel psychoactive substances. To the best of our knowledge, no experimental study has been performed to evaluate the organ damage evoked by MPA administration in an animal model. Therefore, the main purpose of the present study was to investigate the histological changes in CD-1 male mice following the chronic administration of MPA. MPA-chronically treated mice showed myocardial damage with features consistent with repeated episodes of ischemia and a pattern of kidney damage and gastrointestinal ischemia, with ischemic-necrotic lesions of variable extent. In agreement with the analogies between MPA and methamphetamine, we link organ damage secondary to MPA administration to the vasoconstrictive effect exhibited by both compounds. Chronically MPA-treated mice did not show changes in body weight, food intake, thermoregulation, muscular strength and motor coordination in the accelerod test. However, acute MPA administration significantly increased their heart rate and promoted vasoconstriction, which were associated with the sudden death of a subset of animals (40% of all chronically treated mice). In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that MPA consumption could induce health hazards, highlighting the risk of sudden catastrophic events; therefore, clinicians should be aware of these data and consider MPA screening when no other drug is identified by a urine drug screen.

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A Fatal Case of Isolated Methiopropamine (1-(Thiophen-2-yl)-2-Methylaminopropane) Toxicity

Cited by 20 publications

References 4 publications

Designer drugs: mechanism of action and adverse effects

Designer drugs: mechanism of action and adverse effects

An overview of emerging and new psychoactive substances in the United Kingdom

Phenotypic effects of chronic and acute use of methiopropamine in a mouse model

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