A fast neutron imaging telescope for inner heliosphere missions

Möser, Michael; Flückiger, E. O.; Ryan, J. M.; Macri, J.; McConnell, Mark L.

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2005.03.037

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…By measuring energy and position of recoil protons from multiple neutron elastic scatters in a stack of position sensing plastic scintillator detectors, FNIT can determine energy and direction of incidence for neutrons in the energy range 1 < E < 20 MeV. The FNIT concept is described in detail by Moser et al (2005). Fig.…”

Section: Possible Application Of a Phoswich Detector As Part Of A Mormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The X-Y fibers provide the location of each scatter by a neutron in the stack, and the total signal amplitude provides the energy of the recoil proton. Details of the function are given by Moser et al (2005).…”

Section: Possible Application Of a Phoswich Detector As Part Of A Mormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, they can escape directly into interplanetary space, carrying with them information about the spectra and abundances of energetic nuclei near the acceleration region. In fact, observations of persistent 2.2 MeV c-ray emission suggest that there may be significant fluxes of trapped and/or continually accelerated nuclei at the Sun following a solar flare (e.g., Rank et al, 2001). To date, solar neutrons above about 20 MeV have been directly detected for a few events by instruments on the SMM (e.g., Chupp et al, 1987) and CGRO spacecraft (Ryan et al, 1993), and, at higher energies, by neutron monitors (Chupp et al, 1987;Shea et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Applications of a phoswich-based detector for fast (∼1–10 MeV) solar neutrons for missions to the inner heliosphere

McKibben

Connell

Macri

et al. 2005

Advances in Space Research

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Section: Possible Application Of a Phoswich Detector As Part Of A Mormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Possible Application Of a Phoswich Detector As Part Of A Mormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Applications of a phoswich-based detector for fast (∼1–10 MeV) solar neutrons for missions to the inner heliosphere

McKibben

Connell

Macri

et al. 2005

Advances in Space Research

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“…For an imaging detector, the flux of background neutrons would be negligible, but a minimum of double-scatter neutron events from the Pu source would have to be detected to reconstruct its location [10]. The efficiency of the full FNIT tower for double scatter events has been estimated at around 10% [11] for neutron energies of less than 10 MeV. Therefore, a detector area of…”

Section: The Fast Neutron Imaging Telescopementioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Testing of a Position-Sensitive Plastic Scintillator Detector for Fast Neutron Imaging

Bravar

Bruillard

Flückiger

et al. 2006

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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We describe the design and performance of a position sensitive scintillator detector developed for neutron measurements. Several of these detectors are to be used in the assembly of the Fast Neutron Imaging Telescope (FNIT), an instrument with imaging and energy measurement capabilities, sensitive to neutrons in the 2-20 MeV energy range. FNIT was initially conceived to study solar neutrons as a candidate instrument for the Inner Heliospheric Sentinels (IHS) program under formulation at NASA. It is now being adapted to locate Special Nuclear Material (SNM) for homeland security purposes by detecting fission neutrons and reconstructing the image of their source. The detection principle is based on multiple elastic neutron-proton scatterings in organic scintillator. The detector presented here utilizes wavelength-shifting (WLS) fibers, grooved into the plastic scintillator and read out by multianode photomultiplier tubes (MAPMTs) to determine scattering locations. By also measuring the recoil proton and scattered neutron's energies, the direction and energy spectrum of incident neutrons can be determined and discrete sources identified.

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“…Some experiments with newly developed, highly sensitive detectors have been proposed for space missions (Imaida et al 1999;Moser et al 2005), as well as for the ground-based stations (Sako et al 2003). However, for the time being, only detectors on very high mountains, like the Yangbajing NM, would have the potential to provide detections of, or strict constraints on, the neutron flux from less intense flares, as well as X-class ones.…”

Section: Summary and Further Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper limits on the solar-neutron flux at the Yangbajing neutron monitor from BATSE-detected solar flares

Tsuchiya

Miyasaka

Takahashi

et al. 2007

A&A

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Aims. The purpose of this work is to search the data from Yangbajing neutron monitor obtained between 1998 October and 2000 June for the solar neutrons associated with solar flares. Methods. Using the onset times of 166 BATSE-detected flares with the GOES peak flux (1-8 Å) higher than 1.0 × 10 −5 Wm −2 , we prepared a light curve of the Yangbajing neutron monitor for each flare, spanning ±1.5 h from the BATSE onset time. Based on the light curves, a systematic search for solar neutrons in energies above 100 MeV from the 166 flares was performed. No statistically significant signals due to solar neutrons were found. Therefore, we put upper limits on the ≥100 MeV solar-neutron flux for 18 events consisting of 2 X and 16 M class flares. The calculation assumed a power-law shaped neutron energy spectrum and three types of neutron emission profiles at the Sun. Results. Compared with the other positive neutron detections associated with X-class flares, typical 95% confidence level upper limits for the two X-class flares are found to be comparable to the lowest and second lowest neutron fluxes at the top of the atmosphere. In addition, the upper limits for M-class flares scatter in the range of 10 −2 to 1 neutrons cm −2 s −1 . This provides the first upper limits on the solar-neutron flux from M-class solar flares, using space observatories, as well as ground-based neutron monitors.

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A fast neutron imaging telescope for inner heliosphere missions

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Applications of a phoswich-based detector for fast (∼1–10 MeV) solar neutrons for missions to the inner heliosphere

Applications of a phoswich-based detector for fast (∼1–10 MeV) solar neutrons for missions to the inner heliosphere

Design and Testing of a Position-Sensitive Plastic Scintillator Detector for Fast Neutron Imaging

Upper limits on the solar-neutron flux at the Yangbajing neutron monitor from BATSE-detected solar flares

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