A fan-type flow-line model in equal channel angular extrusion

Microstructures evolution and phase transformation behaviors of Ni-rich TiNi shape memory alloys after equal channel angular extrusion

“…As one of the SPD methods, the equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) technique was first introduced by Segal and his colleagues in 1970s and 1980s [2,3]. The method had been applied in the production of various ultrafine grain materials successfully, such as TiNi alloys [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], TiAl alloys [13], Ti [14][15][16], Mg, Al and Cu alloys [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] and some interesting results were obtained [26][27][28][29].…”

Crystal Plasticity FEM Study on the Influence of Crystallographic Orientation in Copper Single Crystals Subjected to Equal Channel Angular Pressing

“…It is obvious that the magnitude of changes significantly from the inner to outer corner, and its maximum value exists near the inner corner of the die. Hasani and Toth attributed the gradient of the strain rate to the elliptical shape of the flow line in his fan type flow line model. Due to material hardening and the outer rounded corner of the die, the idealized simple shear PDZ in Ref.…”

“…In practice, deformation during ECAP process is very complicated and deviates from the simple shear mode since it is only suitable for ideal conditions. It could be influenced by many factors, including the material properties (e.g., strain hardening), frictional conditions, outer corner angle of the ECAP die, and formation of corner gaps . Large plastic deformation during ECAP process results in preferred orientations of grains, i.e., crystallographic texture.…”

Influence of extrusion temperature on deformation behavior of Csf/AZ91D composite during semi-solid extrusion

“…The strain field in the deformation zone can be calculated according to the deformation of the flow lines marked on the surface of the specimen. Some experiments have demonstrated that it is more reasonable and easier to analyze the deformation behavior during plastic deformation from the view of metal flow line than the general simple shear theory [15,16].…”