In this paper we establish inclusions and noninclusions between various Hardy type spaces on noncompact Riemannian manifolds M with Ricci curvature bounded from below, positive injectivity radius and spectral gap.Our first main result states that, if L is the positive Laplace-Beltrami operator on M , then the Riesz-Hardy space H 1 R (M ) is the isomorphic image of the Goldberg type space h 1 (M ) via the map L 1/2 (I + L ) −1/2 , a fact that is false in R n . Specifically, H 1 R (M ) agrees with the Hardy type space X 1/2 (M ) recently introduced by the the first three authors; as a consequence, we prove that H 1 R (M ) does not admit an atomic characterisation. Noninclusions are mostly proved in the special case where the manifold is a Damek-Ricci space S. Our second main result states that H 1 R (S), the heat Hardy space H 1 H (S) and the Poisson-Hardy space H 1 P (S) are mutually distinct spaces, a fact which is in sharp contrast to the Euclidean case, where these three spaces agree.