A facile method to fabricate carbon-encapsulated Fe₃O₄core/shell composites

Abstract

One-step synthesis of carbon-encapsulated Fe(3)O(4) core/shell composites is reported. The Fe(3)O(4) cores were formed via the reduction of Fe(3+) by glucose under alkaline conditions obtained by the decomposition of urea. The amorphous carbon shells were carbonized from glucose. A possible formation mechanism for the Fe(3)O(4)@C composite was discussed. In order to characterize these Fe(3)O(4)@C core-shell composites, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer were employed to characterize the sample obtained using the above method.

Synthesis and Potential Adsorption of Fe3O4@C Core-Shell Nanoparticles for to Removal of Pollutants in Aqueous Solutions: A Brief Review.

“…These characteristics depend on the phases of iron oxide used, which can be magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) [29,[32][33][34], hematite (α-Fe 2 O 3 ) [35][36][37], maghemite (γ-Fe 2 O 3 ) [38][39][40] and wustite (FeO) [41].…”

“…Depending on the synthesis techniques, a variety of scales and shapes can be synthesized, such as sphere, cube, prism, platelets, wire, rod, tube, etc. In order to synthesize Fe 3 O 4 @C core-shell nanostructures at different scales and shapes, several methodologies have been developed [34,37,[47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55].…”

“…Therefore, there are several studies addressing the use of different coating materials for magnetic nanoparticles, such as silicon [66], polyanile [67], chitosan [68], carbon [35,52,53,55], among others. A comparison between silicone and carbon as a coating material for metallic particles shows that carbon presents a much greater stability in various types of environments and conditions, both for acid and basic media, and high temperatures and pressure [34].…”

“…Several different methodologies are found in the literature for the synthesis of core-shell Fe 3 O 4 @C nanoparticles, such as solvothermal [49], chemical vapour decomposition [48], hydrothermal coprecipitation [34], pyrolysis [55,53], combustion waves [69] and synthesis by microwave [55], as well as the combination of two or more methods.…”

“…The most common and most efficient method for the synthesis of core-shell Fe 3 O 4 @C nanoparticles is hydrothermal coprecipitation, which consists of a precipitation stage of the oxide in alkali medium followed by a carbon coating [34] (Figure 6). …”