A facile hydrothermal synthesis of high-efficient NiO nanocatalyst for preparation of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones

Abstract

The present work introduces a one-step and facile hydrothermal procedure as a green process for the first time to synthesize nickel(II) oxide (NiO) nanoparticles. The as-prepared nanomaterials were used as high efficient, low toxic and cost catalyst for the synthesis of some organic compounds. Ni(NO3)2 and some natural extract were used as a surfactant for the first time to synthesis NiO nanomaterials. A high synthesis yield (91%) was obtained for S2. Rietveld analysis affirmed the cubic crystal system of the obtained NiO nanocatalyst. The morphology studies were carried out with the FESEM method and the images revealed a change from non-homogenous to homogenous spherical particles when the Barberryas was used instead of orange blossom surfactant. Besides, the images revealed that the particle size distribution was in the range of 20 to 60 nm. The synthesized catalysts were used for the first time in Biginelli multicomponent reactions (MCRs) for the preparation of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones (DHPMs) under the present facile reaction conditions. High yield (97%) of the final product was achieved at the optimum condensation reaction conditions (Catalyst: 60 mg; temperature: 90 °C and time: 90 min) when ethyl acetoacetate/methyl acetoacetate (1 mmol), benzaldehyde (1 mmol) and urea (1.2 mmol) were used. A kinetic study affirmed pseudo-first-order model for Biginelli reactions followed the pseudo-first-order model.

Hydrothermal fabrication of novel nanocomposites Mx‐MoO3‐α‐NaFe2(MoO4)3‐α‐FeMoO4 (M = Al, Co, Ni, and Er) for highly efficient catalytic synthesis of 5‐aryl‐1H‐tetrazole analogs

“…Turnover frequency is obtained from the below relationship 22 . t 1/2 is 69 min (three runs) and Ln2 = 0.7.…”

“…37 Turnover number TON ð Þ¼ mmol of product mmol of catalyst Turnover frequency is obtained from the below relationship. 22 According to the literature, the more TON, the more efficient the catalyst. 38 The ratio of the catalyst (0.1 mmol) to raw compounds (1 mmol) is 10%.…”

“…20 MCRs are extremely employed as an approved procedure due to their high efficiency, their high atom economy, and their selective bond establishments to prepare variants of heterocyclic compounds. [21][22][23][24][25] Moreover, some heterogeneous catalysts have been introduced to fabricate substitute tetrazoles. [26][27][28][29][30] A tetrazole fragment is widely found in several prevalent drugs, including irbesartan (IRS), losartan (LOS), and valsartan (VAS) 31 (Figure 1).…”

Fe3O4@Glycerol-Cu as a novel heterogeneous magnetic nanocatalyst for the green synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromenes

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diversity of chromenes has been found in extensive applications such as cosmetics, pigments, and biocompatible agrochemicals 29 .In line with our ongoing attempts in the field of catalysts [30][31][32][33][34] , in the present research, our purpose is the novel nanocatalyst production in the effective preparation of 2-amino-4H-chromenes. Fe 3 O 4 @Glycerol-Cu as a green nanocatalyst was employed for the first time with the effective formation of 2-amino-4H-chromenes through a one-pot, three-component reaction of malononitrile, cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, and arylglyoxals.

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Synthesis of new magnetic nanocatalyst Fe3O4@CPTMO-phenylalanine-Ni and its catalytic effect in the preparation of substituted pyrazoles

“…The distinctive features of heterocycle substrates make their formation, a perpetual area of investigation 17 . In the context of introducing novel routes in organic synthesis, implementation and design of multi-component reactions (MCRs) in the production of various heterocyclic scaffolds have been accomplished prominence progress [18][19][20][21] . In this regard, pyrazole-containing heterocyclic scaffolds are a substantial category of nitrogen heterocyclic that exhibit various attractive pharmaceutical and remarkable biological activities, including anticancer, anti-bacterial, antiproliferative, anti-hyperglycemic, and anti-depressant [22][23][24] .…”