A Facile Approach for On-Site Evaluation of Nicotine in Tobacco and Environmental Tobacco Smoke

Abstract

Nicotine is highly addictive and harmful. It is one of the main active ingredients in tobacco and a major pollutant in environmental tobacco smoke. Thus, it is important to detect the nicotine content in tobacco and to monitor the nicotine content in environmental tobacco smoke. However, until present, there still has been no effective device for on-site determination of nicotine content in tobacco and environmental tobacco smoke. In this work, a portable device is fabricated for sensitive on-site evaluation of nicotine in tobacco and environmental tobacco smoke based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The weight of the entire device is less than 1 kg, and it uses a chargeable battery to drive both the pump and the Raman spectrometer. The total analysis time can be completed within 3–5 min. Thus, it has great potential for on-site analysis of nicotine in tobacco and environmental tobacco smoke.

An electrochemically exfoliated graphene/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanocomposite-based electrochemical sensor for the detection of nicotine

“…Nicotine is a toxic metabolite that is present in tobacco leaves, and is a heavily used addictive substance among adults. [1][2][3][4] As stated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about half-million Americans die each year due to exposure to secondhand smoke or smoking. 5 Smokers burn tobacco leaves, which causes many problems, such as heart disease, stroke, cancer, and lung disease, and also negatively affects the human brain.…”

Facial Fabrication of Large-Scale SERS-Active Substrate Based on Self-Assembled Monolayer of Silver Nanoparticles on CTAB-Modified Silicon for Analytical Applications

“…Therefore, a lot of resources have been devoted to fabricating large-scale SERS substrates that have high-density hot spots as well as good uniformity [24][25][26]. For example, anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) film is used as a template to fabricate large-scale, 3-dimentionally assembled Au nanobipyramid (Au NBP) films [27][28][29]. The fabricated Au NBPs-AAO substrate displays much better reproducibility as well as four-order enhanced sensitivity for the detection of DA compared to a conventional silicon wafer substrate.…”

Mechanistic Insight into a Novel Ultrasensitive Nicotine Assay Base on High-Efficiency Quenching of Gold Nanocluster Cathodic Electrochemiluminescence

“…Tobacco smoking is a huge threat to human health, and globally, more than three million deaths every year are related to tobacco smoking. , Nicotine, a major alkaloid representing 95% of the total alkaloids in tobacco, is considered responsible for tobacco addiction. Notably, nicotine can be transformed into various carcinogenic N-nitrosamines. , Nicotine levels not only determine the tobacco quality but are also associated with various human diseases including lung injury/adenocarcinoma, Tourette Syndrome, Alzheimer’s diseases, Parkinson’s diseases, and heart failure. − Thus, measurement of trace nicotine is extremely crucial for biomedicine, toxicology, and clinical research. In addition, the rapid metabolism of nicotine renders the monitoring of nicotine concentrations in human fluids a great challenge.…”

“…In addition, the rapid metabolism of nicotine renders the monitoring of nicotine concentrations in human fluids a great challenge. To date, different techniques, such as fluorescence, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, electrochemistry, capillary electrophoresis (CE), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), have been used for nicotine assays. ,− HPLC is the most commonly used technique for the quantitative analysis of nicotine in real samples. However, the above methods may have several limitations such as the involvement of complex pretreatment procedures and high-potential, expensive instrumentation, and requirement of a skilled operator. , Thus, development of a convenient, efficient, cost-effective, fast-response, and highly sensitive method for nicotine determination is extremely urgent.…”

“…However, the above methods may have several limitations such as the involvement of complex pretreatment procedures and highpotential, expensive instrumentation, and requirement of a skilled operator. 5,9 Thus, development of a convenient, efficient, cost-effective, fast-response, and highly sensitive method for nicotine determination is extremely urgent. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is the light emission triggered by electrochemical reactions.…”