A facile and rapid sonochemical synthesis of monodispersed Fe₃O₄@cellulose nanocrystal nanocomposites without inert gas protection

Abstract

Here, we proposed a rapid sonochemical in situ co-precipitation approach to prepare Fe 3 O 4 @cellulose nanocrystal (MCNC) nanocomposites. Differed from conventionaly method, the proposed in-situ co-precipitation reaction was performed under atmospheric condition without N 2 purging to yield the MCNC.The results from FTIR analysis confirmed the formation of MCNC through the chemical interaction between the Fe ions of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (MNP) with the surface hydroxyl groups of CNC. The absence of typical Fe 2 O 3 Raman spectral peak (730 cm −1 ) indicated no occurrence of oxidation of MNP to undesired maghemite. Based on TGA results, the MNP loading on the MCNC composites was found to be 6 wt% higher than those produced under typical N 2 protection, giving rise to a higher magnetivity. Results revealed that the use of ultrasound (US) horn in place of conventional mechanical stirrer led to the production of the radical species that accelerated the nucleation, growth and dispersibility of MNPs on CNC fibres, which thus shortened the reaction times to 5 min.The findings suggest that the proposed sonochemical synthesis without inert N 2 purging could be an alternative facile and efficient approach to fabricate well-dispersed MCNC nanocomposites that hold great potential for biomedical applications. KEYWORDS facile synthesis, Fe 3 O 4 @cellulose nanocrystals, no inert purging, open atmosphere, sonochemical

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