A dynamical analysis and numerical simulation of COVID-19 and HIV/AIDS co-infection with intervention strategies

Teklu, Shewafera Wondimagegnhu; Kotola, Belela Samuel

doi:10.1080/17513758.2023.2175920

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Although several studies are reported on co-infection of various disease, literature reveals that the study on HIV and COVID-19 co-infection models remain few 31 – 34 . The authors in 31 proposed a within-host SARS-CoV-2/HIV co-infection model and and show that when SARS-CoV-2/HIV co-infected patients have weak CD4+ T-cell immunity, more productively infected epithelial cells and SARS-CoV-2 particles are produced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the analytical and numerical results, the authors of 32 argue that the COVID-19 vaccination has a significant impact on the co-infection dynamics of HIV and COVID-19 variants, leading to a decrease in prevalence as vaccination rates increase. Particularly, the study reported in 33 and 34 employ systems of ordinary differential equations to describe the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 and HIV. In both 33 and 34 , eight compartments were taken into consideration that characterize the co-dynamics of COVID-19 and HIV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particularly, the study reported in 33 and 34 employ systems of ordinary differential equations to describe the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 and HIV. In both 33 and 34 , eight compartments were taken into consideration that characterize the co-dynamics of COVID-19 and HIV. Various parametric values were used in 34 to analyze their effects on the co-infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In both 33 and 34 , eight compartments were taken into consideration that characterize the co-dynamics of COVID-19 and HIV. Various parametric values were used in 34 to analyze their effects on the co-infection. On the other hand, to enable a holistic understanding of the impact of implementing one strategy over the other, time-dependent control strategies were introduced in 33 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The result of these studies show that prevention and treatment strategies play a significant role in reducing the burden of the disease. In spite of all of their contributions, COVID-19 re-infection 33 and stages associated with HIV and COVID-19 co-infection are still not taken into account 33 , 34 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-infection dynamics of COVID-19 and HIV/AIDS

Batu,

Obsu,

Deressa

2023

Sci Rep

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Although there are many results that can be used to treat and prevent Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), these diseases continue to be public health concerns and cause socioeconomic consequences. Following compromised immunity, COVID-19 is considered to be a challenge for people with HIV. People with advanced HIV are considered a vulnerable population at high risk in several case studies that discuss COVID-19 and HIV co-infection. As there is no cure for HIV and there is a chance of contracting COVID-19 again, co-infection continues to pose a problem. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of intervention strategies and identify the role of different parameters in risking people living with HIV to death when they get infected with COVID-19. This is achieved through the development and rigorous analysis of a mathematical model that considers a population at risk of death due to COVID-19 and HIV. The model formulation provides a detailed explanation of the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 and HIV co-infection. The solution’s invariant region, positivity, and boundedness were established. The reproduction numbers of the sub-models and the co-infection model were determined. The existence and stability of equilibria, including backward bifurcation for the COVID-19 sub-model, were examined. The epidemiological significance of backward bifurcation is that the condition $${\mathscr {R}}_0$$ R 0 less than 1 for eliminating COVID-19, though necessary, is no longer sufficient. Parametric estimation and curve fitting were performed based on data from Ethiopia. Numerical simulations were employed to support and clarify the analytical findings and to show some parameter effects on COVID-19 and HIV co-infection. Accordingly, the simulations indicated that parameters $$\gamma _c$$ γ c , $$\gamma _h$$ γ h , $$\epsilon$$ ϵ , and $$\kappa$$ κ , related to HIV patients’ exposure to other diseases and the increase in infectiousness, have a positive role in increasing the number of co-infections. On the other hand, an increase in COVID-19 vaccination ($$\xi$$ ξ ) shows the suppression of co-infection cases. In addition, treating co-infected individuals for COVID-19, increasing treatment rates $$\alpha$$ α and $$\varphi$$ φ , reduces the death risk of HIV-infected individuals due to the co-infection burden. It was implied that improving vaccine delivery programs and other medical interventions have important contributions to lowering the risk of COVID-19 infection-related fatalities in HIV patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%