A dynamic study of steam-methane reforming

El-Bousiffi, Mohamed; Gunn, Dixon

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2006.07.006

Cited by 31 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Industrial steam reforming exploits γ-Al 2 O 3 supported Ni catalysts as its catalyst option due to their increased availability and lower cost compared to precious metal-based catalysts [58,[154][155][156][157]. Furthermore, Ni-based catalytic systems are capable of cleaving C-C, O-H, and C-H bonds as well as the WGS reaction, with typical NiO contents of 10 to 25 wt.% [158]. WGS can eliminate the adsorbed CO from the surface of the catalyst by converting it into CO 2 , the first three bonds must be broken in the reforming phase [58,156].…”

Section: Supercritical Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and Future Trends for Crude Glycerol Upgrading to High Value-Added Products

2023

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Crude glycerol is the main byproduct of biodiesel manufacturing from oleaginous crops and other biomass-derived oils. Approximately 10% crude glycerol is produced with every batch of biodiesel. Worldwide, there is a glut of glycerol and the price of it has decreased considerably. There are real opportunities for valorizing crude glycerol into higher value-added chemicals which can improve the economic viability of biodiesel production as an alternative fuel. Exploring new potential applications of glycerol in various sectors is needed such as in pharmaceuticals, food and beverages, cosmetics, and as a transportation fuel. However, crude glycerol produced directly from biodiesel often contains impurities that hinder its direct industrial usage and thus, a refining process is needed which is typically expensive. Hence, this review reports on current upgrading crude glycerol technologies—thermo-, bio-, physico-, and electrochemical approaches—that valorize it into higher value-added chemicals. Through comparison between those viable upgrading techniques, future research directions, challenges, and advantages/disadvantage of the technologies are described. Electrochemical technology, which is still underdeveloped in this field, is highlighted, due to its simplicity, low maintenance cost, and it working in ambient condition, as it shows promising potential to be applied as a major glycerol upgrading technique.

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Section: Supercritical Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and Future Trends for Crude Glycerol Upgrading to High Value-Added Products

2023

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“…That is to say, combined methane reforming and coal gasification involve CH 4 reforming of H 2 O and CO 2 and partial oxidation by O 2 . Presently, many references mainly focus on the research of CH 4 reforming of H 2 O and CO 2 and partial oxidation by O 2 , especially in the presence of catalysts, such as noble metals and their oxides supported on the carriers (normally metal or nonmetal oxides). – Do coal char and coal ash have obvious effects on H 2 O and CO 2 reforming and partial oxidation of CH 4 during combined CH 4 reforming and coal gasification? Very few papers in the literature have dealt with this topic until now. ,,,, …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of H₂O and CO₂ Reforming and Partial Oxidation of Methane: Catalytic Effects of Coal Char and Coal Ash

et al. 2008

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Methane reforming and partial oxidation was studied to evaluate the catalytic effects of coal chars and coal ashes on methane (CH4) conversion, sum selectivity (the sum of H2 and CO), and ratio selectivity (the ratio of H2/CO) in an atmospheric fluidized bed. The kinetics study presented the possibility of CH4 reforming and partial oxidation with a favorable H2/CO ratio, greater than 5. The higher H2/CO ratio in CH4 reforming and the partial-oxidation process can reduce the consumption of CH4 needed to adjust the H2/CO ratio during combined coal gasification and methane reforming. Coal ashes failed to be good candidates of catalysts on CH4 reforming and partial oxidation because of their very low specific surface area available for catalytic reactions. However, coal chars presented very promising catalytic performance on CH4 reforming and partial oxidation because of their larger specific surface area. In this study, no other constituents in coal fly ash or special surface properties of coal chars were correlated with the enhanced methane-conversion efficiency. It seems that the specific surface area is only variable in controlling methane-conversion efficiency.

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Two fluid model using kinetic theory for modeling of one‐step hydrogen production gasifier

Lü

Zhang

et al. 2008

AIChE Journal

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in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com).A Two Fluid Model (TFM) using kinetic theory of granular flow has been developed to describe an innovative process of hydrogen production in a single step. An extended Multi-species of Solid Phase (MSP) method is proposed to simulate the gas-solid heterogeneous reactions in an entrained flow gasifier, as opposed to Single-species of Solid Phase (SSP) in previous studies. The intrinsic equations of methane steam reforming and water-gas shift reactions are used for a good understanding of the reaction mechanism for high concentration of hydrogen production under higher pressure. On the basis of the results of computing, the main feature of core-annular reaction zone is predicted in the fully developed flow region. And the similar flame-like structure for velocity and temperature is observed to emerge from the feed injection zone at the bottom of gasifier. The model well illustrates the effects of CaO on enhancing the concentration of hydrogen and sequestering CO 2 in the process of coal gasification. The advantages of pressure gasification are also shown that coal conversion increases with increasing pressure while H 2 S concentration and tar content decreases. Moreover, there is a steep increase in H 2 S and tar species initiated from the entrance of gasifier and then a decrease at the next section. The model shows good agreement with the measurements of flow field and gas products concentration in laboratory-scale plants.

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A dynamic study of steam-methane reforming

Cited by 31 publications

References 6 publications

Current and Future Trends for Crude Glycerol Upgrading to High Value-Added Products

Current and Future Trends for Crude Glycerol Upgrading to High Value-Added Products

Investigation of H₂O and CO₂ Reforming and Partial Oxidation of Methane: Catalytic Effects of Coal Char and Coal Ash

Two fluid model using kinetic theory for modeling of one‐step hydrogen production gasifier

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A dynamic study of steam-methane reforming

Cited by 31 publications

References 6 publications

Current and Future Trends for Crude Glycerol Upgrading to High Value-Added Products

Current and Future Trends for Crude Glycerol Upgrading to High Value-Added Products

Investigation of H2O and CO2 Reforming and Partial Oxidation of Methane: Catalytic Effects of Coal Char and Coal Ash

Two fluid model using kinetic theory for modeling of one‐step hydrogen production gasifier

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Investigation of H₂O and CO₂ Reforming and Partial Oxidation of Methane: Catalytic Effects of Coal Char and Coal Ash