A dynamic ocean management tool to reduce bycatch and support sustainable fisheries

Hazen, Elliott L.; Scales, Kylie L.; Maxwell, Sara M.; Briscoe, Dana K.; Welch, Heather; Bograd, Steven J.; Bailey, Helen; Benson, Scott R.; Eguchi, Tomo; Dewar, Heidi; Kohin, S.; Costa, Daniel P.; Crowder, Larry B.; Lewison, Rebecca L.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aar3001

Cited by 291 publications

(300 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…However, developing effective spatial tools for fisheries sustainability relies upon a knowledge of the factors that delineate and separate the distributions of target and non-target species 44 . In datarich systems such as the CCS, using species distribution models (SDMs) that can resolve the relative distributions of target and non-target species can inform fisheries of resource distributions and facilitate separation of catch and bycatch hotspots 39,59,60,61 . Including LCS as predictors in these SDMs has potential to enhance predictive capabilities for separating fine-scale habitat preferences of target and bycatch-sensitive species, particularly where species-specific mechanistic responses to the contemporaneous physical environment are considered explicitly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Including LCS as predictors in these SDMs has potential to enhance predictive capabilities for separating fine-scale habitat preferences of target and bycatch-sensitive species, particularly where species-specific mechanistic responses to the contemporaneous physical environment are considered explicitly. Our multispecies quantification of catch and bycatch probabilities enables the development of preferential catch-bycatch strategies based on near real-time environmental conditions 60 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fisheries bycatch risk to marine megafauna is intensified in Lagrangian Coherent Structures

Scales¹,

Hazen²,

Jacox³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Incidental catch of non-target species (bycatch) is a major barrier to ecological and economic sustainability in marine capture fisheries. Key to mitigating bycatch is an understanding of the habitat requirements of target and non-target species, and the influence of heterogeneity and variability in the dynamic marine environment. While patterns of overlap among marine capture fisheries and habitats of a taxonomically diverse range of marine vertebrates have been reported, a mechanistic understanding of the real-time physical drivers of bycatch events is lacking. Moving from describing patterns towards understanding processes, we apply a Lagrangian analysis to high-resolution ocean model output to elucidate the fundamental mechanisms that drive fisheries interactions. We find that the likelihood of marine megafauna bycatch is intensified in attracting Lagrangian Coherent Structures (LCS) associated with (sub-)mesoscale filaments, fronts and eddies. These results highlight how the real-time tracking of dynamic structures in the oceans can support fisheries sustainability and advance ecosystem-based management.Managing the competing demands of resource extraction and biodiversity conservation is a central challenge in maintaining ecosystem function across terrestrial and marine systems 1, 2 . In the oceans, over-harvesting, habitat degradation, and bycatchincidental catch that is unwanted, unused or unmanaged 3 -are global-scale barriers to fisheries sustainability. Seafood is a major protein source for more than three billion humans worldwide 4 , and the importance of a sustainable supply will increase with the rapidly rising global population 5 . Prioritising the ecological sustainability of marine fisheries is crucial to prevent ecosystem collapse and protect food sources and future livelihoods in fisheries-reliant communities 6, 7 . Non-target catch represents an estimated 40% by mass of all marine catch 3 , and has been identified as the most serious global threat to a diverse array of marine vertebrates including sea turtles, seabirds, marine mammals, pinnipeds and elasmobranchs 3,8,9,10 . Marine megafauna populations face a range of cumulative anthropogenic stressors, particularly in coastal zones under intensive human use 10 , and many are of immediate conservation concern 12, 13, 14 . Life history characteristics such as long life-span, low fecundity, late maturity and wide-ranging movements exacerbate the ecological impacts of fisheries bycatch, as populations struggle to buffer anthropogenic pressure. The removal of high-trophic level species, described as trophic downgrading 15,16 , causes substantial changes in ecosystem function 14 , and reduces the profitability of fisheries 5 . To halt or reverse these trends, bycatch mitigation measures such as changes to fishing gear and practice, fishing effort reallocation and re-distribution have been successfully implemented in many fisheries 17,18 . However, the relative success of these mitigation options relies upon management effort being both well-target...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fisheries bycatch risk to marine megafauna is intensified in Lagrangian Coherent Structures

Scales¹,

Hazen²,

Jacox³

et al. 2018

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…While not all DOM approaches adopt traditional complex system approaches, many employ complex systems and complexity-aware ecological informatic or eco-informatics approaches (sensu Hobday et al, 2010;Scales et al, 2017;Brodie et al, 2018;Hazen et al, 2018). These cited examples use innovative digital approaches to the generation, sampling, processing, analysis, visualization, management, and dissemination of ecological, environmental, and socioeconomic data (Michener and Jones, 2012) and account for complexity at a number of levels.…”

Section: Dynamic Ocean Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rapid developments in ocean modeling have supported the integration of species distribution models with Regional Ocean Modeling Systems (ROMS), a family of models that use free-surface, hydrostatic, primitive equations over varying topography . Complex or complexity-aware DOM applications have been developed to reduce sea turtle bycatch in US Hawaiian fisheries (Howell et al, 2008(Howell et al, , 2015, avoid sturgeon-fisheries interaction in the Atlantic (Breece et al, 2017), reduce bluefin tuna bycatch in Eastern Australia (Hobday et al, 2010, and limit megafauna bycatch in the US West Coast swordfish fishery (Scales et al, 2017;Hazen et al, 2018).…”

Section: Dynamic Ocean Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embracing Complexity and Complexity-Awareness in Marine Megafauna Conservation and Research

Lewison¹,

Johnson²,

Verutes³

2018

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Conservation of marine megafauna is nested within an intricate tapestry of multiple ocean resource uses which are, in turn, embedded in a dynamic and complex ecological ocean system that varies and shifts across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Marine megafauna conservation is often further complicated by contemporaneous, and sometimes competing, social, economic, and ecological factors and related management objectives. Advances in emerging technologies and applications, such as remotely-sensed oceanographic data, animal-based telemetry, novel computational analyses, innovations in structured decision making, and stakeholder engagement and policy are supporting complex systems and complexity-aware approaches to megafauna conservation and research. Here we discuss several applications that focus on megafauna fisheries bycatch and exemplify how complex systems and complexity-aware approaches that inherently acknowledge and account for the complexity of ocean systems can advance megafauna conservation and research. Emerging technologies, applications and approaches that embrace, rather than ignore, complexity can drive innovation and success in megafauna conservation and research.

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“…However, management can respond to this dynamic landscape (Hazen et al 2018). The 1996 reauthorization of the MSFCMA required NMFS to identify essential fish habitat as a precursor to ensuring that management agencies can target their actions on those habitats that will be most supportive of fish populations.…”

Section: Habitats and Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Considerations Informing Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Reauthorization

et al. 2018

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A dynamic ocean management tool to reduce bycatch and support sustainable fisheries

Abstract: Dynamic management approaches protect endangered bycatch species but with much greater efficiency than existing static closures.

Cited by 291 publications

References 45 publications

Fisheries bycatch risk to marine megafauna is intensified in Lagrangian Coherent Structures

Fisheries bycatch risk to marine megafauna is intensified in Lagrangian Coherent Structures

Embracing Complexity and Complexity-Awareness in Marine Megafauna Conservation and Research

Scientific Considerations Informing Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Reauthorization

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