A dynamic normalization model of temporal attention

Denison, Rachel; Carrasco, Marisa; Heeger, David J.

doi:10.1038/s41562-021-01129-1

Cited by 41 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…At first glance, the beneficial consequence that temporal expectation in one task has on performance in another task may seem to contradict findings related to the selective nature of temporal expectations. For example, previous research has demonstrated that directing attention to a target occurring at one point in time leads to performance benefits at that specific time but simultaneously to impairments earlier and later (Denison et al, 2017(Denison et al, , 2021. Instead, we show that temporal expectations can facilitate performance of the task to which they are applied, as well as the preceding intervening task.…”

Section: A Between-task Consequence Of Temporal Expectationscontrasting

confidence: 73%

Consequences of predictable temporal structure in multi-task situations

Gresch¹,

Boettcher²,

Nobre³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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In everyday life, we often anticipate the timing of one upcoming task or event while actively engaging in another. Here, we investigated temporal expectations within such a multi-task scenario. In a visual working-memory task, we manipulated whether the onset of a working-memory probe could be predicted in time, while also embedding a simple intervening task within the delay period. We first show that working-memory performance benefitted from temporal predictability, even though an intervening task had to be completed in the interim. Moreover, temporal expectations regarding the upcoming working-memory probe additionally affected performance on the intervening task, resulting in faster responses when the memory probe was anticipated early, and slower responses when the memory probe was expected late, as compared to when it was temporally unpredictable. Because the intervening task always occurred at the same time during the memory delay, differences in performance on this intervening task are attributed to a between-task consequence of temporal expectation. Thus, we show that within multi-task settings, knowing when working-memory contents will be required for an upcoming task not only facilitates performance on the associated working-memory task, but can also influence the performance of other, intervening tasks.

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Section: A Between-task Consequence Of Temporal Expectationscontrasting

confidence: 73%

Consequences of predictable temporal structure in multi-task situations

Gresch¹,

Boettcher²,

Nobre³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, it can shed new light on a fundamental question of attention research, namely whether attention is space-based or object-based (e.g., 63-66; for a review, see 67). Finally, accurate estimation of the size and shape of the attention focus, as well as its temporal and spatial dynamics during voluntary (endogenous) or automatic (exogenous) attentional orienting, or prior to goal-directed actions has crucial implications for conceptual and computational models of visual attention (e.g., 7,50,68-70).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dynamic 1/f noise protocol to assess visual attention without biasing perceptual processing

Hanning

Deubel

2021

Preprint

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Psychophysical paradigms measure visual attention via localized test items to which observers must react or whose features have to be discriminated. These items, however, potentially interfere with the intended measurement as they bias observers’ spatial and temporal attention to their location and presentation time. Furthermore, visual sensitivity for conventional test items naturally decreases with retinal eccentricity, which prevents direct comparison of central and peripheral attention assessments. We developed a stimulus that overcomes these limitations. A brief oriented discrimination signal is seamlessly embedded into a continuously changing 1/f noise field, such that observers cannot anticipate potential test locations or times. Using our new paradigm, we demonstrate that local orientation discrimination accuracy for 1/f filtered signals is largely independent of retinal eccentricity. Moreover, we show that items present in the visual field indeed shape the distribution of visual attention, suggesting that classical studies investigating the spatiotemporal dynamics of visual attention via localized test items may have obtained a biased measure. We recommend our paradigm as an efficient method to evaluate the spatial and temporal spread of visual attention.

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“…For example, the authors estimated that it took ~1 s for attentional gain to recover. Because all behaviour is constrained in time, the formalisation and estimation of dynamic voluntary attention may have broad relevance beyond the specific task employed in [1]. In the following we therefore first reflect on the findings in light of the unique task properties, before outlining promising future directions opened by this landmark demonstration.…”

Section: Modelling and Quantifying Voluntary Selective Attention Acro...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, the participants in [1] were required to temporarily store two stimuli in memory Box 1. What is the 'time' in temporal attention?…”

Section: Temporal Task Properties and Their Theoretical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%