A dynamic model to estimate the activity concentration and whole body dose rate of marine biota as consequences of a nuclear accident

Keum, Dong-Kwon; Jun, In; Kim, Byeong-Ho; Lim, Kwang-Muk; Choi, Yong-Ho

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.11.006

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…The biological half-life T 0.5,6 of deposit-feeding invertebrates essentially influences 137 Cs concentration in demersal fish (i = 9). Figure S4c shows that the effect of variations in the water uptake rate for zooplankton K w,2 decreased in organisms at higher trophic levels, showing good agreement with results by Keum et al (2015). The concentrations of 137 Cs in macroalgae and deposit-feeding invertebrates are found to be 3 times more sensitive to the variations in water uptake rates than other food web compartments.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…The effects of variations in these parameters were estimated for the following model output: maximum 137 Cs concentration in the organisms (i = 2, ..., 11) in the coastal box after the FDNPP accident. The range for K w,i , K f,i , T 0.5,i , and φ org is defined following Keum et al (2015) as follows: minimum value were set to half the reference value and maximum value were set to twice the reference value. The reference values for K w,i , K f,i , and T 0.5,i are given in Tables 1 and 3, and φ org = 0.01.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparison of the concentration of 137 Cs in the sediment and benthic invertebrates (Sohtome et al, 2014) and in the demersal fishes (Buesseler et al, 2012;Wada et al, 2013;Tateda et al, 2013) suggests that the continual ingestion of organic matter from sediments can be an important contamination pathway for all components of the benthic food web. However, in most of the benthic food web models applied to the FDNPP accident, the deposit feeding is not included as a transfer mechanism in the food chain (Tateda et al, 2013(Tateda et al, , 2015(Tateda et al, , 2016Keum et al, 2015;Vives i Batlle et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transfer of radiocaesium from contaminated bottom sediments to marine organisms through benthic food chains in post-Fukushima and post-Chernobyl periods

et al. 2016

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Abstract. After the earthquake and tsunami on 11 March 2011 damaged the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP), an accidental release of a large amount of radioactive isotopes into both the air and the ocean occurred. Measurements provided by the Japanese agencies over the past 5 years show that elevated concentrations of 137Cs still remain in sediments, benthic organisms, and demersal fishes in the coastal zone around the FDNPP. These observations indicate that there are 137Cs transfer pathways from bottom sediments to the marine organisms. To describe the transfer quantitatively, the dynamic food chain biological uptake model of radionuclides (BURN) has been extended to include benthic marine organisms. The extended model takes into account both pelagic and benthic marine organisms grouped into several classes based on their trophic level and type of species: phytoplankton, zooplankton, and fishes (two types: piscivorous and non-piscivorous) for the pelagic food chain; deposit-feeding invertebrates, demersal fishes fed by benthic invertebrates, and bottom omnivorous predators for the benthic food chain; crustaceans, mollusks, and coastal predators feeding on both pelagic and benthic organisms. Bottom invertebrates ingest organic parts of bottom sediments with adsorbed radionuclides which then migrate up through the food chain. All organisms take radionuclides directly from water as well as food. The model was implemented into the compartment model POSEIDON-R and applied to the north-western Pacific for the period of 1945–2010, and then for the period of 2011–2020 to assess the radiological consequences of 137Cs released due to the FDNPP accident. The model simulations for activity concentrations of 137Cs in both pelagic and benthic organisms in the coastal area around the FDNPP agree well with measurements for the period of 2011–2015. The decrease constant in the fitted exponential function of simulated concentration for the deposit-feeding invertebrates (0.45 yr−1) is close to the observed decrease constant in sediments (0.44 yr−1). These results strongly indicate that the gradual decrease of activity in demersal fish (decrease constant is 0.46 yr−1) is caused by the transfer of activity from organic matter deposited in bottom sediment through the deposit-feeding invertebrates. The estimated model transfer coefficient from bulk sediment to demersal fish in the model for 2012–2020 (0.13) is larger than that to the deposit-feeding invertebrates (0.07). In addition, the transfer of 137Cs through food webs for the period of 1945–2020 has been modelled for the Baltic Sea contaminated due to global fallout and from the Chernobyl accident. The model simulation results obtained with generic parameters are also in good agreement with available measurements in the Baltic Sea. Unlike the open coastal system where the FDNPP is located, the dynamics of radionuclide transfer in the Baltic Sea reach a quasi-steady state due to the slow rate in water mass exchange in this semi-enclosed basin. Obtained results indicate a substantial contribution of the benthic food chain in the long-term transfer of 137Cs from contaminated bottom sediments to marine organisms and the potential application of a generic model in different regions of the world's oceans.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transfer of radiocaesium from contaminated bottom sediments to marine organisms through benthic food chains in post-Fukushima and post-Chernobyl periods

et al. 2016

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“…Other dynamic modelling methodologies have been used to study the transfer of FDNPP radionuclides to marine biota (Heling et al, 2002;Keum et al, 2015;Kryshev et al, 2012;Maderich et al, 2014;Psaltaki et al, 2013 exceeding the Japanese radioactivity in food limit of 100 Bq kg -1 (Buesseler, 2012;Buesseler and Aoyama, 2012;Wada et al, 2013). However, the activity concentrations in marine products in (Wada et al, 2016).…”

Section: State Of Knowledge On the Impact Of The Fdnpp Accident On Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine radioecology after the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear accident: Are we better positioned to understand the impact of radionuclides in marine ecosystems?

Batlle

Aoyama

Bradshaw

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

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This paper focuses on how a community of researchers under the COMET (CO-ordination and iMplementation of a pan European projecT for radioecology) project has improved the capacity of marine radioecology to understand at the process level the behaviour of radionuclides in the marine environment, uptake by organisms and the resulting doses after the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear accident occurred in 2011. We present new radioecological understanding of the processes involved, such as the interaction of waterborne radionuclides with suspended particles and sediments or the biological uptake and turnover of radionuclides, which have been better quantified and mathematically described.We demonstrate that biokinetic models can better represent radionuclide transfer to biota in nonequilibrium situations, bringing more realism to predictions, especially when combining physical, chemical and biological interactions that occur in such an open and dynamic environment as the ocean. As a result, we are readier now than we were before the FDNPP accident in terms of having models that can be applied to dynamic situations.The paper concludes with our vision for marine radioecology as a fundamental research discipline and we present a strategy for our discipline at the European and international levels. The lessons learned 2 are presented along with their possible applicability to assess/reduce the environmental consequences of future accidents to the marine environment and guidance for future research, as well as to assure sustainability of marine radioecology in Europe and globally. This guidance necessarily reflects on why and where further research funding is needed, signalling the way for future investigations.3

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“…Dynamic transfer modeling continues to be applied using not only the D‐DAT model but also other approaches (Heling et al ; Brown et al ; Kryshev et al ; Psaltaki et al ; Maderich et al ; Keum et al ). These models have been compared internationally by running a Fukushima scenario in context of the IAEA project MODARIA (Modelling and Data for Radiological Impact Assessments) (Vives i Batlle et al ).…”

Section: Situation In Recent Yearsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Fukushima accident on marine biota, five years later

Batlle

2016

Integr Environ Assess Manag

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In a previous commentary written in 2011 in the aftermath of the Fukushima accident in Japan, I summarized what was then understood about the effects of accidental radioactive discharges to marine life and forecasted into the future how the marine environment would likely be affected. Since that time, several studies have been conducted on the impact of the accident on marine organisms, and radiation doses arising thereof. I developed a dynamic transfer model for studying the bioaccumulation of Fukushima radionuclides in marine biota and assessed the impact and likelihood of effects to marine life. In the present article, I highlight the lessons learned over the past 5 years. I address whether the environmental consequences in the marine environment are as significant as initially feared and, with respect to the current situation, what remains to be investigated as the radioactivity continues to spread in the marine environment. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2016;12:654-658. © 2016 SETAC.

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A dynamic model to estimate the activity concentration and whole body dose rate of marine biota as consequences of a nuclear accident

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Transfer of radiocaesium from contaminated bottom sediments to marine organisms through benthic food chains in post-Fukushima and post-Chernobyl periods

Transfer of radiocaesium from contaminated bottom sediments to marine organisms through benthic food chains in post-Fukushima and post-Chernobyl periods

Marine radioecology after the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear accident: Are we better positioned to understand the impact of radionuclides in marine ecosystems?

Impact of the Fukushima accident on marine biota, five years later

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