A Dynamic Model of a Submerged Plasma Slag Fuming Process

Nagraj, Samant; Chintinne, Mathias; Guo, Muxing; Blanpain, Bart

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-37070-1_19

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The off-gas is treated in an electrostatic precipitator. Figure 2 illustrates a schematic of the submerged plasma fuming process [26,27].…”

Section: High Temperature Submerged Plasma Fumingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High temperature does not favor the furnace lining which could be overcome by forming water-cooled freeze linings on the smelter reactors, the stability of which can be controlled via the bath composition. Slag liquidus temperature should be controlled carefully to form a stable freeze lining to decrease the heat flux via the reactor walls and increase energy efficiency [26,27].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plasma-driven fuming processes are emerging as environmentally friendly processes in comparison to conventional top-blown or side-blown slag fuming furnaces. The process is especially convenient in conditions where non-hydrocarbon source electricity such as hydrogen electricity is accessible, and petcoke replaces combustion gases, reducing the net C footprint of the process [26].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first industrial plant was built for ERAS by ScanArc [28] in Hoyanger (Norway) in 2005. Metallo Belgium also operates this furnace for recycling ZnO-containing residues [26].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Technology Selection for Slag Zinc Fuming Process

Moosavi-Khoonsari,

Mostaghel,

Siegmund

2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Circular economy and multi-metal extraction philosophies more and more encourage smelters to reprocess their by-products most significant of which is slag for recovery of valuable metals. Zinc, for instance, can be introduced to lead and copper smelting operations through different sources, including the recycling of waste electric and electronic equipment. During the conventional smelting processes from primary resources, or even those that are particularly developed for recycling purposes, e.g., Black Copper route, the zinc is typically deported to the slag phase as zinc oxide. Recovery of zinc from slag is typically carried out via a slag zinc fuming operation, where a reductant is used to reduce zinc oxide and volatilize zinc metal. In most cases, volatilized zinc is re-oxidized to produce zinc oxide, which can then be sent to hydrometallurgical unit processes for refining. Several technologies and reactors have been developed for efficient and cost-effective fuming processes, none of which can be considered the “best” and most suitable technology for all applications and smelter conditions/slag compositions. This paper reviews the advantages and disadvantages of each of the available technologies and recommends the most suitable process for common conditions.

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“…The off-gas is treated in an electrostatic precipitator. Figure 2 illustrates a schematic of the submerged plasma fuming process [26,27].…”

Section: High Temperature Submerged Plasma Fumingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first industrial plant was built for ERAS by ScanArc [28] in Hoyanger (Norway) in 2005. Metallo Belgium also operates this furnace for recycling ZnO-containing residues [26].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Technology Selection for Slag Zinc Fuming Process

Moosavi-Khoonsari,

Mostaghel,

Siegmund

2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Depending on the pre-treatment of the slag and whether the CO 2 cost from the treatment is fully taken into account or not, the CO 2 cost can be increased considerable, from 4 up to 650 kg CO 2 /ton NFMS. The exact fraction of CO from the slag treatment which can be assigned to the slag will depend on the technology and the recovery of metals, energy mix, ect [79]. Further research is needed to lower the high footprint of this slag treatment process by looking for more sustainable processes.…”

Section: Economic and Environmental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%