A dynamic model for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Boaventura, Marta; Sousa, José M.; Mendes, Adélio

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.04.218

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The slow oxides block chemisorption sites, such that the initial reversible chemisorbed oxide is gradually replaced with irreversible place-exchanged oxide. In order to account for the oxide Impedance is calculated following the approach of Boaventura et al 34 EIS is simulated in the time domain, and the results are transformed to the frequency domain following the operating principles of an analog frequency response analyzer (FRA). 21 The FRA uses a finite Fourier transform,…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Physics-Based Impedance Model of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Exhibiting Low-Frequency Inductive Loops

Setzler

Fuller

2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A physics-based impedance model of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell is developed, incorporating a coupled oxide growthoxygen reduction reaction kinetic model. The oxide layer is shown to produce a low frequency inductive loop that agrees quantitatively with the experimental inductive loop at current densities as high as 800 mA/cm 2 , even when kinetic and mass-transfer parameters are fit from polarization curves and cyclic voltammetry instead of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The importance of the inductive loop in explaining both AC and DC results is discussed. © The Author(s) 2015. Published by ECS. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse of the work in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. [DOI: 10.1149/2.0361506jes] All rights reserved.Manuscript submitted October 31, 2014; revised manuscript received February 16, 2015. Published March 3, 2015 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a widely used technique in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) that separates differential contributions to cell overpotential by characteristic time constants. Analysis of EIS is difficult because there may be dozens of processes involved. It is standard to analyze EIS using equivalent electrical circuit models of the PEMFC, in which several key processes are represented by circuit elements such as the resistor, capacitor, Warburg element, and constant phase element. Fitting the experimental EIS data with an equivalent circuit model and obtaining circuit parameters is straightforward. Often, a close fit can be achieved with relatively few components, especially when constant phase elements are used. However, the challenge becomes determining which processes to include and converting the electrical circuit parameters back to meaningful cell parameters.Although the basic building blocks of equivalent circuits, for example the Randles circuit, have an exact physical interpretation, these elements are often applied to more complex processes without accounting for the differences. The circuits may fit the data perfectly, but the parameters have lost their original meaning. Often, some transport processes are faster than double layer charging, and as a result, are inseparable from charge-transfer resistance. Additionally, slow transport processes often contribute impedance that scales with chargetransfer resistance, rather than being independent. Unfortunately, it is common in the literature to see circuit parameters reported as results without a translation to meaningful physical parameters.An alternative approach is to model the physical processes occurring in an electrochemical cell during EIS experiments. This approach was pioneered by De Levie, 1 who calculated an analytical solution for the impedance of a porous electrode with a potential gradient, assuming linear kinetics and no concentration gradient. Keddam et al. 2 cons...

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Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Physics-Based Impedance Model of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Exhibiting Low-Frequency Inductive Loops

Setzler

Fuller

2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…For a short period, the reaction current will not be the same as the current drawn by the external load. This charge double layer effect is represented as follows [18]:…”

Section: Transientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Derivation of an equivalent electrical circuit model for degradation mechanisms in high temperature pem fuel cells in performance estimation

Beer

Barendse

Pillay

et al. 2014

2014 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)

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This paper presents the development of an equivalent electrical circuit model that represents the characteristics of a high temperature PEM fuel cell under various fault mechanisms. The three main degradation mechanisms that can reduce long term and short term performance are investigated and the specific electrochemical parameters that are affected are identified. A semi-empirical modelling approach based on captured experimental data is used to model the degradation mechanisms in order to reduce complexity. In particular, the effect of ripple current from the power electronics that accelerates degradation of the specific model parameters is discussed. The mechanism is also included in the model in order to increase functionality. Each voltage loss component and the associated degradation phenomena are equated to a circuit element and the final circuit model is presented. The simulated results are compared to experimental data to determine accuracy. The model is able to estimate performance loss based on operating time and conditions allowing for life cycle estimation and system optimization.

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“…Even though the interpretation of the impedance spectra is quite consolidated in the case of simple electrochemical systems, in complex ones, when several electrochemical reactions and mass transfer processes overlaps, the spectra show several features that require advanced physical modeling analysis to be figured out. For this reason, several phenomenological impedance models [3] have been proposed in the literature for polymer fuel cells [4][5][6][7], for segmented polymer fuel cells [8,9], solid oxide fuel cells [10], direct methanol fuel cells [11,12], phosphoric acid fuel cells [13], and high temperature proton exchange fuel cells [14,15]. As an alternative to phenomenological models, equivalent circuits are widely employed in the literature [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, it is likely that the model will not reproduce satisfactorily the spectra at different current densities or in different operating conditions. In both cases [14,15], the authors developed a transient dynamical model and solved it in time with oscillating boundary conditions, but no details are reported about the computational cost. To fit more impedance spectra at the same time a fast model is necessary and AC models based on Laplace transform [4] are generally faster to be solved and thus are advantageous for data fitting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…-[ * ] Corresponding author, andrea.baricci@polimi.it Boaventura et al [15] in their work developed a simple impedance model where they considered the charge transfer resistance and the mass transport in the gas diffusion layers (GDL), while the electrodes are considered as homogeneous. The authors concluded that the effects of oxygen diffusion and proton transport in the electrode should be considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Quasi 2D Model of a High Temperature Polymer Fuel Cell for the Interpretation of Impedance Spectra

2014

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Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is a widely recognized tool for in situ diagnostics of polymer fuel cells. The main drawback of this measurement is that it includes several features, which are not directly related to physical phenomena and the interpretation is often difficult. In this work, a physical quasi 2D model is applied to experimental data of a high temperature proton exchange fuel cell based on polybenzimidazole doped with phosphoric acid. The quasi 2D approach is applied in order to decrease the computational cost of the model, without decreasing the prediction capability. The model is able to simulate polarization curves and impedance spectra and it is fitted on six polarization data and impedance spectra recorded in different conditions. The model is able to capture the main features of a typical spectrum of a polybenzimidazole based high temperature polymer fuel cell. A sensitivity analysis is also performed on the model parameters to show the effect of each physical parameter.

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A dynamic model for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Cited by 27 publications

References 64 publications

A Physics-Based Impedance Model of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Exhibiting Low-Frequency Inductive Loops

A Physics-Based Impedance Model of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Exhibiting Low-Frequency Inductive Loops

Derivation of an equivalent electrical circuit model for degradation mechanisms in high temperature pem fuel cells in performance estimation

A Quasi 2D Model of a High Temperature Polymer Fuel Cell for the Interpretation of Impedance Spectra

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