A dynamic mathematical model for continuous solid-phase polymerization of nylon 6,6

Yao, K. Zhen; McAuley, Kimberley B.; Berg, David C.; Marchildon, E. Keith

doi:10.1016/s0009-2509(01)00133-6

Cited by 28 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In these processes, polymer particles with moderate molecular weight are heated to a temperature between their glass transition temperature and melting temperature and polymerized to higher molecular weights 1–9. In our previous work,10, 11 a reactor model was developed to describe the dynamics of a continuous SPP process for nylon 6,6 in a moving bed reactor. Temperature, moisture‐content, and particle‐property profiles over the height of the bed and within the polymer particles were determined at different reaction times under various operating conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rather than attempting to solve a complex moving‐boundary problem, it is much simpler to transform the PDEs in Table II using a dimensionless vertical coordinate, w , where w = z/H , so that w always has the value 1 at the top of the bed, even though the bed height changes over time 11. A set of transformed PDEs and their boundary conditions are given in Table III(a,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation of continuous solid‐phase polymerization of nylon 6,6. III. Simplified model

Yao

McAuley

Marchildon

2003

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Solid-phase polymerization (SPP) reactors are used to increase the degree of polymerization (DP) during nylon 6,6 production. In previous articles, a reactor model with partial differential equations (PDEs) in time and two spatial dimensions was developed to describe dynamic changes in polymer property profiles (DP, temperature, and moisture content) over the height of the reactor and within the polymer particles. In the current article, a simplified model is developed by deriving appropriate expressions for heat-and mass-transfer coefficients and performing a lumped heat-and mass-transfer analysis. Using this approach, the radial dimension is removed from the PDEs, so that the effort required to solve the model equations is substantially reduced. Predictions of the complex and simplified models are compared through simulation of two different start-up processes. Good agreement between simplified and complex models is obtained, indicating that the simplified model can be used in place of the complex model if the polymer properties profiles within individual particles are not of particular concern to the model user.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of continuous solid‐phase polymerization of nylon 6,6. III. Simplified model

Yao

McAuley

Marchildon

2003

J of Applied Polymer Sci

Self Cite

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“…A model for SSP of nylon-6,6 in a moving bed reactor, considering its complex geometry and its start-up and shutdown operation [76], can serve as a guide for dealing with more complex real-life situations.…”

Section: Solid-state Polycondensationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycondensation

Costa¹,

Bachmann²

2005

Handbook of Polymer Reaction Engineering

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“…Various reports on SSP and their kinetics models are reported in the literature for polyesters (e.g., poly(ethylene terephthalate); (PET),4–8 PET with nanofillers,9, 10 poly(butylene terephthalate),11 polycarbonates,12, 13 polyamides,14–19 etc). These commercially important polymers are prepared mainly by melt polycondensation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive single‐particle model for solid‐state polymerization of poly(L‐lactic acid)

Katiyar

Sharada

Nanavati

2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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We propose here, a comprehensive model for the solid-state polymerization (SSP) of a low to moderate molecular weight (MW) prepolymer of lactic acid, to produce high MW poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA). The reactions are rationally assumed to occur only in the amorphous region, and effective concentrations of end groups, vary with crystalinity, X c , during SSP. We estimate byproduct diffusivities, D, using free volume theory. The effects of various parameters on the SSP of PLLA prepolymer have been examined with respect to the optimum MW, X c and D. We introduce self-consistently, scaling factors of $ 0.27, in the experimental procedure, to determine via 19 F-NMR, concentrations of the end groups, after converting them to fluorinated ester groups. The relevant reaction rate constants are obtained by fitting to early time data from representative SSP experiments at 150 C, under high vacuum, on PLLA prepolymer powder (i.e., spherical geometry) of number average MW, M n0 $ 10,200 Da, which attains M n $ 150,000 Da, via SSP. The subsequent successful comparison of the model predictions with experimental data throughout the entire SSP duration indicates that the model is comprehensive and accounts for all the relevant phenomena occurring during the SSP to synthesize high MW PLLA.

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A dynamic mathematical model for continuous solid-phase polymerization of nylon 6,6

Cited by 28 publications

References 12 publications

Simulation of continuous solid‐phase polymerization of nylon 6,6. III. Simplified model

Simulation of continuous solid‐phase polymerization of nylon 6,6. III. Simplified model

Polycondensation

A comprehensive single‐particle model for solid‐state polymerization of poly(L‐lactic acid)

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