A dynamic aggregative model of the AIDS epidemic with possible policy interventions

Cuddington, John T.; Hancock, John D.; Rogers, Carol Ann

doi:10.1016/0161-8938(94)90024-8

Cited by 30 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The analytical study of the Covid-19 crisis should start with the original source, i.e., the coronavirus. Many studies have found that population health -as measured by life expectancy, infant and child mortality, and maternal mortality -is positively related to economic welfare and growth (Pritchett & Summers, 1996;Bloom & Sachs, 1998;Bhargava, Jamison, Lau, & Murray, 2001;Cuddington, Hancock, & Rogers, 1994;Robalino, Jenkins, & El Maroufi, 2002a;Robalino, Voetberg, & Picazo, 2002b;WHO Commission on Macroeconomics and Health, 2001;Haacker, 2004;Arnold, De Sa, Gronniger, Percy, & Somers, 2006;Barro, Ursua, & Weng, 2020;Correia, Luck, & Werner, 2020). There are many channels through which an infectious disease outbreak influences the economy.…”

Section: The Covid-19 Impact: a Macroeconomic Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Central Bank Policy toward the Covid-19 pandemic: Seeking patterns among the most powerful central banks

Matysek-Jędrych¹,

Mroczek-Dąbrowska²

2021

Towards the „new Normal” After COVID-19 – A Post-Transition Economy Perspective

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Purpose: The main objective of this chapter is to identify the role of central banks in managing the crisis created by the Covid-19 pandemic. In order to explore this subject, the chapter attempts to identify similarities and differences in the behavior of selected central banks, those most important from the viewpoint of the global economy. Design/methodology/approach: The study encompassed 29 countries, mostly European economies (16) and other economies that bear the impact on the global output. The empirical analysis was based on k-means clustering analysis, which enabled us to identify groups of countries that followed similar solutions in response to the Covid-19 crisis. Findings: The analysis conducted in this chapter indicates the diverse nature of central banks’ policies and, in many cases, to aspecific bias toward an increase in monetary or financial policies. The intensification of the use of the tools of certain policies must be seen from the perspective of the purpose of those policies, but also in the context of the legal or statutory constraints imposed on central banks. Research limitations/implications: An interesting direction of research into the diverse nature of central bank policies will undoubtedly be to seek answers to the question of the effectiveness of these policies in the context of crisis. Such astudy, carried out ex post, may provide astarting point for designing future central bank crisis policy and implementing institutional solutions of anational or even supranational nature. Originality and value: The chapter shed some light on the regulatory and statutory sphere of central banking. We may clearly state that key central banks of the world do not operate within the framework of asingle universal rule and that there simultaneously is no optimal combination of crisis policy tools even for the same crisis. Therefore, when looking for regulatory and legal solutions, we should treat each case individually by designing regulations in away that corresponds to the specific features and conditions prevailing in the given financial and economic system.

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Section: The Covid-19 Impact: a Macroeconomic Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Central Bank Policy toward the Covid-19 pandemic: Seeking patterns among the most powerful central banks

Matysek-Jędrych¹,

Mroczek-Dąbrowska²

2021

Towards the „new Normal” After COVID-19 – A Post-Transition Economy Perspective

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“…Therefore, the health of people and economies go together either grow/flourish or weaken/collapse. A lot of research is conducted on the issue that has found that the health of the population is closely concerned with economic welfare and economic growth [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Other studies on SARS, including [10] for Taiwan, [11] for China and [12] for Hong Kong also elaborate the worse situation of the affected regions.…”

Section: Previous Studies On Pandemicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Crises: Global Economic Shocks vs Pakistan Economic Shocks

Katper¹,

Tunio²,

Hussain³

et al. 2020

Adv. sci. technol. eng. syst. j.

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This paper documents, information about the current outbreak of Corona virus and its multidimensional effects witnessed worldwide. The objective of the study is to disseminate information to policymakers, government and the general public, to facilitate the efforts for fighting against the contagious virus and aims to contribute to the economic and social welfare. Though the data changes rapidly by every passing minute, yet the current scenario may be analyzed to evaluate the present situation for a fruitful outcome. Hence, the discussion may be useful for all the stakeholders (government, policymakers and the public) for their reference. Various studies previously observed that widespread contagious diseases have a severe impact on the economy. It is observed that the faster and wider the outbreak of disease, the higher and severer the influence on the economies. The economies face shrinkage of income, revenue, earnings, while health expenditure increases for hospitals, medical kits, ventilators, uniforms, masks, gloves, medicines and other medical equipment. Therefore, it has a two-pronged adversely hitting effect on economies to manage the imbalance in the budget and fiscal matters. Another unfortunate situation is when the high populated country is poor too. The world has realized the effects of the different contagious viruses in the different times in history. Nevertheless, the virulence and the severity of the COVID-19 is far greater than the previous viral breakouts. We, in this research attempt to highlight the multidimensional effects of COVID-19 and create some possibilities how to deal and fight with this cruel and invisible enemy.

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“…Even though there are many studies of the macroeconomic impact of pandemic (Bell et al., 2004; Bloom et al., 2005; Cuddington, 1993; Cuddington and Hancock, 1994; Cuddington et al., 1994; Freire, 2004; Haacker, 2002a, 2002b; Lee and McKibbin, 2004; McKibbin and Sidorenko, 2006; Over, 1992), few studies applied CGE macroeconomic models (Arndt and Lewis, 2001; Bell et al., 2004; McKibbin and Fernando, 2020b). Building on previous studies, this paper focuses on two channels: (i) the direct impact of a decline in foreign demand for non-recoverable sectors, that is the sharp drop in tourism, air transportation, and travel and (ii) sharp or mild drop in crude oil prices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of Covid-19 on Turkey’s non-recoverable economic sectors compensating with falling crude oil prices: A computable general equilibrium analysis

Aydin

Ari

2020

Energy Exploration & Exploitation

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Human beings face unprecedented Covid-19 pandemic outbreak since the beginning of 2020. This disease started to change economic, social, and individual conventional behaviors. Several economic activities have sharply declined, and demand for commodities is decreasing, such as oil. This commodity has also suffered from disagreement among Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)+ members to deal with the amount of cutting oil production. This situation adds a supply-side problem into declining demand due to Covid-19. Turkey, as an emerging economy, highly depends on imported oil and suffers from this pandemic disease. This study aims to analyze the compensating role of falling oil prices for impacts of Covid-19 on non-recoverable sectors in Turkey, e.g. tourism, travel, and transportation. The main argument in the study, that is falling prices in oil can contribute to compensation for losing revenue from tourism, travel, and transport. Throughout the study, ORANI-G as a multisectoral computable general equilibrium model is employed. Three scenarios, namely Scenario-1, 2A, and 2B, are set to analyze the effects of falling oil prices as compensation for Covid-19 in the selected sectors. Results show that Covid-19 decreases gross domestic product by 1.16 but falling oil prices as 25 and 50% compensate for this decrease by 0.72 and 1.56% gross domestic product increases, respectively. It is concluded that through the falling oil prices, Turkey’s dependence on crude oil imports might provide a new reparation to overcome non-recoverable impacts. This study is scoped with selected sectors and falling oil prices. Other economic and social sectors need to be investigated in terms of challenges of Covid-19 and opportunities for declining crude oil prices. Besides, competitiveness based on the scale of firms and the ability to access business finance should be analyzed within the changing business model in the post-coronavirus period.

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A dynamic aggregative model of the AIDS epidemic with possible policy interventions

Cited by 30 publications

References 7 publications

Central Bank Policy toward the Covid-19 pandemic: Seeking patterns among the most powerful central banks

Central Bank Policy toward the Covid-19 pandemic: Seeking patterns among the most powerful central banks

COVID-19 Crises: Global Economic Shocks vs Pakistan Economic Shocks

The impact of Covid-19 on Turkey’s non-recoverable economic sectors compensating with falling crude oil prices: A computable general equilibrium analysis

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