A dye sensitized TiO2 photoelectrochemical cell constructed with polymer solid electrolyte

Matsumoto, Masamitsu; Miyazaki, Hiromitsu; Matsuhiro, Kikuo; Kumashiro, Yoshimasa; Takaoka, Y.

doi:10.1016/0167-2738(96)00347-5

Cited by 118 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Both samples were then placed under vacuum overnight. The XPS spectra of the low-and high-temperature converted pure Ti(OC 3 H 7 ) 4 films were found to be very similar and to have binding energies for Ti 4+ (2p 3/2 ), O(1s), and C(1s) of 459.0, 530.4, [10] and 285.0 eV (Fig. 1a), in agreement with literature data.…”

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confidence: 87%

“…[1,2] In recent years successful attempts have been made to replace the liquid electrolyte solution in these cells with elastomeric polymers or gelators filled with an ionic redox couple, [3±7] and by p-type organic or inorganic semiconductors, [1±3,8] resulting in conversion efficiencies of up to 3.2 %. [4] A particularly attractive approach is to replace the dye and liquid electrolyte with a single conjugated polymer which combines the functions of light absorption and hole transport.…”

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Photoinduced Electron Transfer and Photovoltaic Response of a MDMO‐PPV:TiO₂ Bulk‐Heterojunction

et al. 2003

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Dye-sensitized TiO 2 solar cells have attracted considerable interest since it was shown that conversion efficiencies of up to 10 % can be reached. [1,2] In recent years successful attempts have been made to replace the liquid electrolyte solution in these cells with elastomeric polymers or gelators filled with an ionic redox couple, [3±7] and by p-type organic or inorganic semiconductors, [1±3,8] resulting in conversion efficiencies of up to 3.2 %.[4] A particularly attractive approach is to replace the dye and liquid electrolyte with a single conjugated polymer which combines the functions of light absorption and hole transport.[5±9] However, one of the problems associated with conjugated polymers and nanocrystalline TiO 2 (nc-TiO 2 ) is the inefficient filling of the pores of the TiO 2 matrix, especially because small (~20 nm) pores are required to ensure that the majority of photoexcited charge carriers in the polymer reach the interface with TiO 2 where charge separation occurs. In practice, hybrid polymer/nc-TiO 2 photovoltaic devices are now limited by charge transport (incomplete filling) and charge generation (large pores).Here, we present a new and simple procedure for preparing bulk-heterojunction hybrid organic±inorganic solar cells in which a continuous interpenetrating network of TiO 2 is created inside a thin conjugated polymer film. The characteristic distance of the polymer:TiO 2 bulk-heterojunction is in the nanometer range and results in an efficient formation of photoinduced charges that can be collected when the film is incorporated in a photovoltaic device.To prepare the bulk-heterojunction, a dry tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution containing poly[2-methoxy-5-(3¢,7¢-dimethyloctyloxy)-p-phenylene vinylene] (MDMO-PPV; Scheme 1) and titanium(IV) isopropoxide (Ti(OC 3 H 7 ) 4 ), a precursor for TiO 2 , is spin-coated on a substrate to obtain a mixed film with a thickness of about 50±70 nm. Subsequent conversion in the dark of the Ti(OC 3 H 7 ) 4 precursor via hydrolysis in air results in the formation of a TiO 2 phase in the polymer film. As a consequence of the presence of TiO 2 , the bulk-heterojunction film becomes resistant to scratching and can no longer be wiped off the substrate. Furthermore, the polymer in the bulk-heterojunction no longer dissolves in organic solvents such as toluene.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been used to assess the formation of TiO 2 under these conditions by examining the C/Ti and Ti/O elemental ratios, which are expected to change from 12:1 and 1:4 in Ti(OC 3 H 7 ) 4 to 0:1 and 1:2 in TiO 2 . Because the elemental composition is strongly influenced by the polymer in the film, the conversion of Ti(OC 3 H 7 ) 4 into TiO 2 under ambient conditions (in the absence of polymer) was also studied and compared to a film of TiO 2 prepared via the same procedure followed by conversion at high temperature (400 C) in air for 30 min. Both samples were then placed under vacuum overnight. The XPS spectra of the low-and high-temperature converted pure Ti(OC 3 H 7 ) 4 f...

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Photoinduced Electron Transfer and Photovoltaic Response of a MDMO‐PPV:TiO₂ Bulk‐Heterojunction

et al. 2003

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“…The replacement of liquid electrolytes by solid-typed electrolytes or expensive ruthenium complex sensitizer by low cost photo-sensitizers has been ensured to solve the problems. [2][3][4] Very recently, except for the ruthenium complexes, porphyrin species, such as the chlorophyll derivatives and Zn(II)-porphyrin complexes have been investigated as longwavelength sensitizers on DSSCs. 5 The use of porphyrins as light harvesters or photosensitizers on DSSCs is particularly attractive, due to their primary role in photosynthesis and the relative ease with which a variety of covalent or noncovalent porphyrin arrays can be developed.…”

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confidence: 99%

Novel Extended π-Conjugated Dendritic Zn(II)-porphyrin Derivatives for Dye-sensitized Solar Cell Based on Solid Polymeric Electrolyte: Synthesis and Characterization

2007

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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“…The original DSPEC's employed a liquid electrolyte containing the I 3 − /I − redox couple, which is a standard choice [1,[12][13][14][15] when combined with TiO 2 and Ru-bipyridyl photosensitizers. Most recent efforts are directed towards the choice of a solid electrolyte [5] since liquid electrolytes present many practical disadvantages. On the contrary, a solid electrolyte allows for a sandwich thin film configuration, which is ideal for most applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic/inorganic nanocomposite gels employed as electrolyte supports in Dye‐sensitized Photoelectrochemical cells

Σταθάτος

Lianos

2002

International Journal of Photoenergy

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Abstract. Dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells based on TiO 2 mesoporous films, a ruthenium bipyridyl derivative as photosensitizer and a SiO 2 /poly(ethylene glycol)-200 nanocomposite thin film as electrolyte support, have been constructed. TiO 2 films have been deposited on conductive transparent IndiumTin Oxide glass slides by means of a sol-gel procedure carried out in reverse-micellar solutions. The photosensitizer has been adsorbed on titania films from ethanolic solutions while the electrolyte layer has been synthesized by a sol-gel procedure. The presence of silica in the nanocomposite electrolyte gel provides the gelifying agent, the compound that holds the cell together in a sandwich form and the sealing agent that protects the cell and secures its long-term function. PEG-200 makes the organic subphase which provides the ionic conductivity. The present work describes the construction of the cell and the study of its efficiency. A variant of the cell has also been made by incorporating Ag + and Ru 3+ ions into titania particles, but these dopants did not improve cell efficiency, either in their oxidized or in their reduced form.

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A dye sensitized TiO2 photoelectrochemical cell constructed with polymer solid electrolyte

Cited by 118 publications

References 8 publications

Photoinduced Electron Transfer and Photovoltaic Response of a MDMO‐PPV:TiO₂ Bulk‐Heterojunction

Photoinduced Electron Transfer and Photovoltaic Response of a MDMO‐PPV:TiO₂ Bulk‐Heterojunction

Novel Extended π-Conjugated Dendritic Zn(II)-porphyrin Derivatives for Dye-sensitized Solar Cell Based on Solid Polymeric Electrolyte: Synthesis and Characterization

Organic/inorganic nanocomposite gels employed as electrolyte supports in Dye‐sensitized Photoelectrochemical cells

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A dye sensitized TiO2 photoelectrochemical cell constructed with polymer solid electrolyte

Cited by 118 publications

References 8 publications

Photoinduced Electron Transfer and Photovoltaic Response of a MDMO‐PPV:TiO2 Bulk‐Heterojunction

Photoinduced Electron Transfer and Photovoltaic Response of a MDMO‐PPV:TiO2 Bulk‐Heterojunction

Novel Extended π-Conjugated Dendritic Zn(II)-porphyrin Derivatives for Dye-sensitized Solar Cell Based on Solid Polymeric Electrolyte: Synthesis and Characterization

Organic/inorganic nanocomposite gels employed as electrolyte supports in Dye‐sensitized Photoelectrochemical cells

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Photoinduced Electron Transfer and Photovoltaic Response of a MDMO‐PPV:TiO₂ Bulk‐Heterojunction

Photoinduced Electron Transfer and Photovoltaic Response of a MDMO‐PPV:TiO₂ Bulk‐Heterojunction