“…Up to now, many detection methods based on immunoassay have been developed for PCT determination; for instance, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ 9 ], chemiluminescence immunoassay [ 10 , 11 ], electrochemical immunoassay [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], microfluidics immunoassays [ 15 ], fluorescence immunoassay [ 16 ], lateral flow immunoassays [ 17 ], surface plasma resonance immunoassay [ 18 ], photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunosensor [ 19 , 20 ] and so on. Compared with other methods, PEC immunosensors have excellent features of high signal-to-noise ratio, simple operation, needlessness of expensive maintenance and easy miniaturization because of the dual advantages of optical and electrochemical methods.…”