A dual role of the PIWI/piRNA machinery in regulating mRNAs during mouse spermiogenesis

Dai, Peng; Wang, Xin; Lin, Li

doi:10.1007/s11427-020-1632-5

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…After transcription, piRNAs have a function similar to that of microRNAs. They can induce mRNA degradation (Pek et al, 2012;Yu et al, 2019), thus hindering protein synthesis (Dai et al, 2020). The piRNA-mediated mRNA degradation can occur through two major mechanisms: either by the slicing of mRNA by PIWI or via a deadenylation-dependent mechanism (Rouget et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 2015).…”

Section: Piwi-interacting Rnas and Mrnamentioning

confidence: 99%

PIWI-Interacting RNAs (piRNAs): Promising Applications as Emerging Biomarkers for Digestive System Cancer

Cai

Zhou

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are a novel type of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs), which are 26–31 nucleotides in length and bind to PIWI proteins. Although piRNAs were originally discovered in germline cells and are thought to be essential regulators for germline preservation, they can also influence gene expression in somatic cells. An increasing amount of data has shown that the dysregulation of piRNAs can both promote and repress the emergence and progression of human cancers through DNA methylation, transcriptional silencing, mRNA turnover, and translational control. Digestive cancers are currently a major cause of cancer deaths worldwide. piRNAs control the expression of essential genes and pathways associated with digestive cancer progression and have been reported as possible biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of digestive cancer. Here, we highlight recent advances in understanding the involvement of piRNAs, as well as potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications of piRNAs in various digestive cancers.

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Section: Piwi-interacting Rnas and Mrnamentioning

confidence: 99%

PIWI-Interacting RNAs (piRNAs): Promising Applications as Emerging Biomarkers for Digestive System Cancer

Cai

Zhou

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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“…The human genome encodes four piwi protein family members, Hiwi, Hili, Hiwi2 and PIWIL3, which are highly expressed in testicular cells 20 . Liu et al showed that a Hiwi mutation is pathogenic, causing male infertility, and established a clear relationship between the human piwi gene and male infertility 21 . Gou and other research groups have demonstrated that in addition to its main functions in transposon silencing, the piwi/piRNA mechanism mediates the degradation of a large number of mRNA transcripts in various germ cells through miRNA-or/and siRNA-like mechanisms 22,23 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seminal Plasma piRNA Array Analysis Identifies Possible Biomarker piRNAs for the Diagnosis of Asthenozoospermia

He¹,

Wu²,

wu³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Asthenozoospermia (AZS) is characterized by reduced sperm motility, and its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) have been recognized to play important roles in spermatogenesis. However, little is known about the correlation of piRNAs with AZS. In this study, small RNA sequencing was performed on samples from AZS patients and fertile controls. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the small RNA-seq results. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to predict the functions of differentially expressed piRNAs. Logistic regression models were constructed, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate their diagnostic performance. A total of 114 upregulated and 169 downregulated piRNAs were detected in AZS patients. GO and KEGG analyses showed that the differentially expressed piRNAs were mainly associated with transcription, signal transduction, cell differentiation, metal ion binding and focal adhesion. These results were verified by qRT-PCR of 8 selected piRNAs. Among the differentially expressed piRNAs tested, piR-hsa-32694, piR-hsa-26591, piR-hsa-18725, piR-hsa-18586 and piR-hsa-2912 produced qRT-PCR results consistent with the sequencing results in AZS compared with controls in the first cohort, whereas the other three genes did not show significant differences in expression. piR-hsa-32694, piR-hsa-26591, piR-hsa-18725, and piR-hsa-18586 were significantly upregulated in AZS. The diagnostic power of the four piRNAs was further analysed using ROC analysis; piR-hsa-26591 exhibited an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.913 (95% CI: 0.795-0.994). Logistic regression modelling and subsequent ROC analysis indicated that the combination of the 4 piRNAs reached good diagnostic efficacy (AUC: 0.935).

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“…Meiotic cells have complex transcriptomes, in that they express multiple mRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) (Soumillon et al, 2013). These different classes of RNAs play important roles in meiosis and spermiogenesis (Goh et al, 2015;Perez and Lehner, 2019;Dai et al, 2020;Guo et al, 2020). A review by Li et al in this Research Topic focuses on the current knowledge derived from studies of genetically engineered mouse mutants and summarizes pathways for the biogenesis and function of piRNAs.…”

Section: Transcriptional Regulation Of Meiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Editorial: Meiosis: From Molecular Basis to Medicine

Zhang

Shinohara

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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A dual role of the PIWI/piRNA machinery in regulating mRNAs during mouse spermiogenesis

Cited by 27 publications

References 23 publications

PIWI-Interacting RNAs (piRNAs): Promising Applications as Emerging Biomarkers for Digestive System Cancer

PIWI-Interacting RNAs (piRNAs): Promising Applications as Emerging Biomarkers for Digestive System Cancer

Seminal Plasma piRNA Array Analysis Identifies Possible Biomarker piRNAs for the Diagnosis of Asthenozoospermia

Editorial: Meiosis: From Molecular Basis to Medicine

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