Lysine-functionalized perylene was used to modify nanoparticles. Due to the benefits from a synergetic effect that originated between the perylene and silver nanoparticles, color-based metal sensor systems were established. At pH ¼ 12.6, Cr 6+ with a concentration of 100 nM could be detected by a color change from deep yellow to orange; after decreasing the pH to 12.0, the detection limit decreased to 2 mM. Interestingly, after further decreasing the pH to 11.0, another kind of metal ion (Cd 2+ ) could be recognized with a detection concentration of 10 mM. At pH ¼ 10.0, Pb 2+ with a concentration of 2 mM could be detected.