A Dual-Channel Microwave Radiometer for Measurement of Precipitable Water Vapor and Liquid

Guiraud, F. O.; Howard, J.; Hogg, David C.

doi:10.1109/tge.1979.294639

Cited by 84 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The algorithm of linear regression (LR) is used to profile the water vapor density [31,42]. 90% of the radiosonde data in June of the years from 1986 to 1995 in Nanjing China station are chosen to calculate the regression coefficients, and the remainder is used to evaluate the retrieval precision in cloudy atmosphere.…”

Section: Linear Regressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dual-Frequency Method of Eliminating Liquid Water Radiation to Remotely Sense Cloudy Atmosphere by Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer

Li¹,

Guo²,

Lin³

et al. 2013

PIER

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Abstract-Ground-based microwave radiometer is the main device to remotely sense atmosphere passively which can detect the water vapor density, temperature, integral water vapor, etc. Because of the influence of cloud liquid water on the brightness temperature measured by microwave radiometer, the cloud needs to be modeled to retrieve the parameters of cloudy atmosphere. However, the difference between the cloud model and actual cloud may bring on some error in retrieval. Based on the relation between absorption coefficient of liquid water and frequency, a dual-frequency method of eliminating liquid water radiation which is not based on modeling cloud is put forward to retrieve the parameters of cloudy atmosphere. Historical radiosonde data are employed in the calculation of retrieval coefficients to profile the water vapor of cloudy atmosphere. The simulation and experiment results show that the dual-frequency method can eliminate the radiation of liquid water effectively and has a higher precision than conventional method. The integral water vapor in cloudy atmosphere is also retrieved by the dual-frequency method, and the precision is comparable with the method of modeling cloud.

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Section: Linear Regressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dual-Frequency Method of Eliminating Liquid Water Radiation to Remotely Sense Cloudy Atmosphere by Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer

Li¹,

Guo²,

Lin³

et al. 2013

PIER

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“…In the most favorable cases, the main accuracy limitation appears likely to result from the uncertainties in the radio-wave propagation corrections due to limita..ons in determination of the water-vapor content of the atmosphere. Water-vi.00r radiometers probably will need to be used at both ends of the baselines :o infer the integrated water-vapor content along the lines of sight to the satehites (Guiraud et al, 1979;Moran and Rosen, 1980;Resch, 1980;Resch and Claflin, 1980) to achieve centimeter-level accuracy, unless the baseline lengths are short. This is because the atmospheric water-vapor content is likely to be quite variable in time and somewhat inhomogeneous spatially at many locations.…”

Section: Global Positioning Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geodetic Monitoring of Tectonic Deformation: Toward a Strategy

Lambert¹

1982

EoS Transactions

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As a result of a recommendation made in the report Geodesy: Trends and Prospects (Committee on Geodesy, 1978), a Panel on Crustal Movement Measurements was formed under the Committee on Geodesy and the Committee on Seismology of the U.S. National Research Council. The panel has prepared a very timely report that sets out to identify the key issues and to outline the directions that promise the most rapid progress toward quantifying crustal deformation in the next decade. There is definitely a need to quantify the process of strain accumulation and release over a wide range of length scales. A monitoring program to do this would serve as the basis for a renewed effort to understand the physical principles of earthquake generation and the mechanical behavior of the lithosphere in general. Faced with a bewildering array of new instruments of both the terrestrial and space‐oriented variety, which are about to advance from the stage of development to the stage of field deployment, we undoubtedly need the guidance that this volume is intended to provide.

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“…PWV is commonly expressed in millimetres, in terms of the height to which that water would stand if completely condensed and collected in a vessel with a cross section of 1 m 2 . PWV can be measured by radiosounding balloons, radiometers from both ground (Fowle, 1912;Guiraud et al, 1979;Carilli and Holdaway, 1999;Smith et al, 2001) and satellites (Grody et al, 1980;Menzel et al, 1998;Gao and Kaufman, 2003;Deeter, 2007;Wong et al, 2015), sun photometers (Bird and Hulstrom, 1982;Volz, 1983;Plana-Fattori et al, 1998;Firsov et al, 2013), lunar photometers (Barreto et al, 2013), GPS receivers (Bevis et al, 1992(Bevis et al, , 1994, Fourier transform infrared spectrometers (Kurylo, 1991;Schneider et al, 2006) and others (Schneider et al, 2010). Of these techniques, atmospheric radiosoundings are a direct in situ measurement and one of the most accurate methods of retrieving the PWV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A semiempirical error estimation technique for PWV derived from atmospheric radiosonde data

2016

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Abstract. A semiempirical method for estimating the error and optimum number of sampled levels in precipitable water vapour (PWV) determinations from atmospheric radiosoundings is proposed. Two terms have been considered: the uncertainties in the measurements and the sampling error. Also, the uncertainty has been separated in the variance and covariance components. The sampling and covariance components have been modelled from an empirical dataset of 205 high-vertical-resolution radiosounding profiles, equipped with Vaisala RS80 and RS92 sondes at four different locations: Güímar (GUI) in Tenerife, at sea level, and the astronomical observatory at Roque de los Muchachos (ORM, 2300 m a.s.l.) on La Palma (both on the Canary Islands, Spain), Lindenberg (LIN) in continental Germany, and Ny-Ålesund (NYA) in the Svalbard Islands, within the Arctic Circle. The balloons at the ORM were launched during intensive and unique site-testing runs carried out in 1990 and 1995, while the data for the other sites were obtained from radiosounding stations operating for a period of 1 year (2013)(2014). The PWV values ranged between ∼ 0.9 and ∼ 41 mm. The method sub-samples the profile for error minimization. The result is the minimum error and the optimum number of levels.The results obtained in the four sites studied showed that the ORM is the driest of the four locations and the one with the fastest vertical decay of PWV. The exponential autocorrelation pressure lags ranged from 175 hPa (ORM) to 500 hPa (LIN). The results show a coherent behaviour with no biases as a function of the profile. The final error is roughly proportional to PWV whereas the optimum number of levels (N 0 ) is the reverse. The value of N 0 is less than 400 for 77 % of the profiles and the absolute errors are always < 0.6 mm. The median relative error is 2.0 ± 0.7 % and the 90th percentile P 90 = 4.6 %. Therefore, whereas a radiosounding samples at least N 0 uniform vertical levels, depending on the water vapour content and distribution of the atmosphere, the error in the PWV estimate is likely to stay below ≈ 3 %, even for dry conditions.

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A Dual-Channel Microwave Radiometer for Measurement of Precipitable Water Vapor and Liquid

Cited by 84 publications

References 7 publications

A Dual-Frequency Method of Eliminating Liquid Water Radiation to Remotely Sense Cloudy Atmosphere by Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer

A Dual-Frequency Method of Eliminating Liquid Water Radiation to Remotely Sense Cloudy Atmosphere by Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer

Geodetic Monitoring of Tectonic Deformation: Toward a Strategy

A semiempirical error estimation technique for PWV derived from atmospheric radiosonde data

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