A Dual Band Branch Line Coupler With Wide Frequency Ratio

Zaidi, Aijaz M.; Beg, Mirza Tariq; Kanaujia, Binod Kumar; Srivastava, Kumar Vaibhav; Rambabu, Karumudi

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2896646

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…By employing two proposed BLCs and two dual band ±90 • BLCs ( [13], [16], [17] or [19] can be chosen as per requirement) and connected as in Fig. 6, a dual band 4 × 4 BM is constructed.…”

Section: Proposed × 4 Butler Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7. By applying (10), (11), (13), (14), (16) and (17), components values of the dual band BLC are obtained as p = 2.85, θ 1 = 46.75 • , Z A1 = 35.67 , Z B1 = 27.71 , Z A2 = 50.52 , Z B2 = 78.39 , and Z A3 = 35.67 , Z C3 = 91.34 , Z D3 = 65.34 for K = 1.4.…”

Section: A the Dual Band Blcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But, the dual band ±90 • BLCs also have frequency ratio limitation. For example, BLCs [8]- [15], [17], [19] can work for frequency ratio < 3, [16] can work for frequency ratio >3 and [26] can work for frequency ratio 1.3 -4.0. Therefore, dual band 4 × 4 BM can be designed for a limited range of frequency ratios by employing the BLC [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Dual Band Branch Line Coupler and its Application to Design a Dual Band 4 × 4 Butler Matrix

et al. 2020

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A novel dual band branch line coupler (BLC) has been proposed, designed, implemented, and analyzed in this paper. A dual band 4 × 4 Butler matrix (BM) has also been developed by employing the proposed BLC. To realize the proposed BLC, PI and modified PI-shaped transmission lines (TLs) as dual band TLs, with the complete derivation of the design equations, have also been introduced. The proposed BLC is equivalent to a dual band ±90 • BLC and a dual band ±45 • phase shifter combination and capable of performing a dual band operation for 2.3 to 4.4 frequency ratios. In order to verify the proposed approach, a dual band BLC for 1GHz and 2.85GHz frequencies has been designed and implemented. For the proposed BLC, equal power division between the output ports has been achieved with maximum ±0.2dB amplitude imbalance and a phase difference of +45 • /−135 • ±1 • at frequency 1GHz and +135 • /−45 • ±2 • at frequency 2.85GHz between the output ports for port1/port4 excitation. By employing the proposed BLC, a dual band 4 × 4 BM has also been developed. Compared to the existing dual band BMs, the 4 X 4 BM offers a simpler design, compact size, and design with fewer number of components. INDEX TERMS Branch line coupler, dual band, Butler matrix, PI shaped transmission line, frequency ratio, compact size.

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Section: Proposed × 4 Butler Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A the Dual Band Blcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Dual Band Branch Line Coupler and its Application to Design a Dual Band 4 × 4 Butler Matrix

et al. 2020

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“…Many techniques have been proposed to overcome these issues such as using cascading [5] and a T-shaped transmission line, which reduces the size by 55% [6]. The regular microstrip BLC is replaced with a lumped circuit, made from two open stubs by a series of transmission line (TL) [7], and it reduces the size of BLC to 55.2% with a fractional bandwidth of 56% based on the lumped element method, fractal geometry [8], three-section branch-line hybrid [9], a multilayer [10], a meander line [11], and a dual-band branch-line coupler [12]. Various techniques have been employed to miniaturize the size of the microwave component (s), to reduce the BLC size and to increase the bandwidth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New design of wideband microstrip branch line coupler using T-shape and open stub for 5G application

Abdulbari

Rahim

Aziz

et al. 2021

IJECE

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A new design of wideband branch-line coupler (BLC) using T-shape with open stub microstrip line is proposed. The branch line coupler is integrated with low and high impedance λ/4 transmission lines to achieve the comparatively compact size of (27.2 mm × 16.5 mm). operating the bandwidth in simulated of BLC from 2.9 to 4 GHz is obtained 30.22% with a frequency center of 3.5 GHz. Meanwhile, the measured bandwidth of the BLC is cover from 2.8 GHz to 4.22 GHz is equal 33.40% at the center frequency 3.55 GHz respectively. The BLC simulated has low isolation and high return loss of -29.28 dB and -30.69 dB at the center frequency 3.5 GHz.Whereas, the measured result has a simple difference in the return loss and isolation are -27.43dB and -24.46 dB at the frequency 3.55GHz respectively. This BLC design has a good coupling factor of -2.97 and insertion loss of -3.65 dB. Furthermore, it obtains an excellent amplitude and phases different between two output of ±0.1 and 93.6°±3.4° with high performance. There is a good agreement between the simulated result and the measured result. This branch line coupler design used for 5G applications for future wireless communication systems.

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“…Equivalently, the π-shaped structure can be replaced by a T-or cross-shaped stub loading, as studied in [11], [12]. On the other hand, the coupled transmission line (TL) and coupled π-shaped network were found to function as the dual-band responses [6], [13], [14]. Other techniques such as dual TL [15], embedded metamaterial…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planar Dual-Band Branch-Line Coupler With Large Frequency Ratio

Xia

Twumasi

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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This work presents a novel planar branch-line coupler topology developed for dual-band operation using an E-shaped impedance transformer network to supplant the conventional microstrip line. Explicit closed-form design equations for dual-band operation are derived using the ABCD matrices. The studied coupler features a large dual-band frequency ratio with a compact size. A prototype coupler centered at 1 and 8 GHz is first presented and experimentally examined to demonstrate the large frequency ratio. Further, another prototype coupler centered at 2.4 and 5.2 GHz for potential WLAN applications is also developed and experimentally characterized. Measurements and simulations for both prototype couplers show good performance within the studied dual-band frequencies.

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A Dual Band Branch Line Coupler With Wide Frequency Ratio

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

A Novel Dual Band Branch Line Coupler and its Application to Design a Dual Band 4 × 4 Butler Matrix

A Novel Dual Band Branch Line Coupler and its Application to Design a Dual Band 4 × 4 Butler Matrix

New design of wideband microstrip branch line coupler using T-shape and open stub for 5G application

Planar Dual-Band Branch-Line Coupler With Large Frequency Ratio

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