A-DROP: A predictive model for the formation of oil particle aggregates (OPAs)

Zhao, Lin; Boufadel, Michel C.; Geng, Xiaolong; Lee, Kenneth; King, Thomas; Robinson, Brian; Fitzpatrick, Faith A.

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.057

Cited by 71 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Coagulation theory is well established as a basis for modeling marine snow formation and sedimentation (Jackson, 1990;Jackson & Burd, 1998). In addition, the aggregation of oil with mineral particles to form mineral-oil-aggregates has been studied for a long time (Bandara et al, 2011;Gong et al, 2014;Khelifa et al, 2002Khelifa et al, , 2005Lee, 2002;Zhang et al, 2012;Zhao et al, 2016). However, the problem of aggregation of oil with marine snow has seen less attention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Modeling of the Interactions of Oil, Marine Snow, and Riverine Sediments in the Ocean

et al. 2018

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Natural or spilled oil in the ocean can interact with marine snow and sediment from riverine sources and form Marine Oil Snow (MOS) aggregates including aggregates consisting of phytoplankton, detritus, and feces. Such aggregates have a fractal structure and can transport oil from the surface layers to greater depths in the ocean, eventually settling on the seafloor. In recent studies of the Deepwater Horizon and IXTOC‐1 oil spills in the Gulf of Mexico, this process was identified as one of the main mechanisms for transporting oil vertically in the water column. We have adapted a stochastic, one‐dimensional numerical model that uses coagulation theory to simulate MOS formation and sinking in the ocean and predict the time evolution of physical properties and spatial distribution of MOS. Here we present the model development, calibration, and validation with measured MOS field data in the Gulf of Mexico during the Deepwater Horizon spill. We use a sensitivity analysis to identify critical parameters, and suggest future model improvements and areas where further experimental investigation is needed to improve our understanding of MOS formation and sedimentation. The model can be used during response and planning activities associated with oil spills in the marine environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Modeling of the Interactions of Oil, Marine Snow, and Riverine Sediments in the Ocean

et al. 2018

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“…30%) of AWB weathered on water. Also, it is important note that under certain conditions, such as high temperature, high energy mixing and elevated suspended particles, the fate of oil can be affected by sedimentation [3,6,7,23].…”

Section: Physical Properties Of Oils Weathered On Sea Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Collectively these processes are referred to as weathering. Chemical and physical processes account for a portion of the oil degradation and include evaporation, dissolution, dispersion, photochemical oxidation and sedimentation that involves oil sinking to the bottom after attaching with sediment particles to form oil particle aggregates, OPAs [6,7]. The most important of these physical processes affecting oil spills on the water surface is evaporation [8], which occurs in the first few days after a spill and accounts for a 5 to 75% loss of the mass of the spilled oil, depending on the oil type and environmental conditions [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Climatic Parameters on Changes in the Density and Viscosity of Diluted Bitumen after a Spill

King¹,

Toole²,

Robinson³

et al. 2019

JESPR

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“…A few later studies have also occasionally used the term “oil‐sediment aggregate (OSA)” to refer to OMA (Bandara et al, ; Cai et al, ), while other studies have used the term “oil‐suspended particulate matter aggregates (OSA)” (Gong et al, ; Loh et al, ; Sun & Zheng, ). Recently, the term “oil‐particle aggregate (OPA)” has become a preferred term to refer to microscopic aggregates (Fitzpatrick et al, ; Zhao et al, ). OSA and OPA are normally used in a more general context to describe oil interactions with inorganic minerals and/or organic particulates in the water column, although the term OSA has also been used in the past to refer to experimental results that formed microscopic aggregates exclusively with minerals (Khelifa et al, ; Khelifa et al, ; Sun et al, ; Sun et al, ).…”

Section: Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early models utilized inputs such as oil content, sediment load, and environmental conditions and focused on simulating the amount of OPAs that will form (Bandara et al, ; Danchuk & Willson, ; Khelifa et al, ; Sterling et al, ). The recently developed A‐DROP model has the capability to predict the amount of oil trapped in OPAs (Zhao et al, ). This model uses a new conceptual framework for predicting oil‐particle coagulation efficiency, which is based on an improved version of other established methods (Bandara et al, ; Hill et al, ; Sterling et al, ) that are used to model the effects of oil stabilization by particles, particle hydrophobicity, and oil‐particle size ratio on OPA formation.…”

Section: Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation, Fate, and Impacts of Microscopic and Macroscopic Oil‐Sediment Residues in Nearshore Marine Environments: A Critical Review

Gustitus

Clement

2017

Reviews of Geophysics

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Crude oil that is spilled in marine environments often interacts with suspended sediments to form residues that can impact the recovery of the affected nearshore ecosystems. When spilled oil and sediment interact, they can form either small microscopic aggregates, commonly referred to as oil‐particle aggregates, or large macroscopic agglomerates, referred to as sediment‐oil agglomerates or sediment‐oil mats. Although these different sized oil‐sediment residues have similar compositions, they are formed under different conditions and have different fates in nearshore environments; the goal of this review is to synthesize our current understanding of these two types of residues. We believe that researchers who focus solely on studying either microscopic aggregates or macroscopic agglomerates could benefit from understanding the research findings available in the other field. In this study, we compare and contrast various processes that control the formation, fate, and impacts of these two types of residues in nearshore environments and point out some of the knowledge gaps in this field. Additionally, these residues have been referred to by many names in the past, leading to confusion and misconceptions at times. In this effort, we recommend a uniform nomenclature to distinguish them based on their physical size. Our overall aim is to bridge the gap between microscopic and macroscopic oil‐sediment residue literature to foster a robust exchange of ideas, which we believe can lead to the development of efficient strategies for managing oil spills that affect nearshore environments.

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A-DROP: A predictive model for the formation of oil particle aggregates (OPAs)

Cited by 71 publications

References 51 publications

Numerical Modeling of the Interactions of Oil, Marine Snow, and Riverine Sediments in the Ocean

Numerical Modeling of the Interactions of Oil, Marine Snow, and Riverine Sediments in the Ocean

Influence of Climatic Parameters on Changes in the Density and Viscosity of Diluted Bitumen after a Spill

Formation, Fate, and Impacts of Microscopic and Macroscopic Oil‐Sediment Residues in Nearshore Marine Environments: A Critical Review

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