A double-redox aqueous capacitor with high energy output

Ślesiński, Adam; Sroka, Sylwia; Aina, Sergio; Piwek, Justyna; Fic, Krzysztof; Lobera, M. Pilar; Bernechea, María; Frąckowiak, Elżbieta

doi:10.1039/d2ta09541f

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 48 publications

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“…Many researchers have carried out mass-balancing in fabricating ASC devices. The effect of the mass-ratio on the performance of fabricated ASCs has been researched experimentally. ,− For hybrid SCs, some models and methods for optimizing the mass-ratio have been reported recently. , And the adjustment of mass-ratios in a general way is also referred to in some reviews. ,,, However, it should be pointed out that the mass-balancing method has been inappropriately applied in some research. For example, some researchers first fixed an ESVW (in fact, the ESVW depends on the mass-ratio) and then found the balancing mass-ratio only via the performance of SC devices assembled at different mass-ratios between two electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mass-Balancing between Positive and Negative Electrodes for Optimizing Energy Density of Supercapacitors

Jing,

Zhuo,

Sun

et al. 2024

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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Supercapacitors (SCs) are some of the most promising energy storage devices, but their low energy density is one main weakness. Over the decades, superior electrode materials and suitable electrolytes have been widely developed to enhance the energy storage ability of SCs. Particularly, constructing asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) can extend their electrochemical stable voltage windows (ESVWs) and thus achieve high energy density. However, only full utilization of the electrochemical stable potential windows (ESPWs) of both positive and negative electrodes can endow the ASC devices with a maximum ESVW by using a suitable mass-ratio between two electrodes (the mass-balancing). Nevertheless, insufficient attention is directed to mass-balancing, and even numerous misunderstandings and misuses have appeared. Therefore, in this Perspective, we focus on the mass-balancing: summarize theoretic basis of the mass-balancing, derive relevant relation equations, analyze and discuss the change trends of the specific capacitance and energy density of ASCs with mass-ratios, and finally recommend some guidelines for the normative implementation of the mass-balancing. Especially, the issues related to pseudocapacitive materials, hybrid devices, and different open circuit potentials (OCPs) of the positive and negative electrodes in the mass-balancing are included and emphasized. These analyses and guidelines can be conducive to understanding and performing mass-balancing for developing high-performance SCs.

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