A double blind randomized clinical trial of at-home tooth bleaching using two carbamide peroxide concentrations: 6-month follow-up

Meireles, Sônia Saeger; Heckmann, Sani Silva; Santos, Iná S.; Bona, Álvaro Della; Demarco, Flávio Fernando

doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2008.07.002

Cited by 59 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…[14][15] Lenhardt demonstrated a shift towards the blue direction within the color space and improved lightness of the tooth after bleaching, which corresponds to the current study when all samples were pooled, regardless of their maturation stage and concentration of the bleaching agent. 16 This may be explained by two phe- .…”

Section: Reflectance Atsupporting

confidence: 83%

Effects of Bleaching Agents on Human Enamel Light Reflectance

Marković¹,

Fotouhi²,

Lorenz³

et al. 2010

Operative Dentistry

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Objectives: Tooth whitening has been associated with splitting-up chromogenic molecules by hydrogen peroxides. Though micromorphological alterations are well documented, little is known about optical changes as a function of shifting in wavelengths. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to measure reflectance changes after bleaching in vitro by using a spectrometer.Methods: Forty-eight enamel slabs (diameter = 5 mm) were prepared from the sound enamel of extracted human teeth that were: 1) fully impacted, 2) from juveniles ages 10 to 16 years, 3) from adults 35 to 45 years of age and 4) from seniors older than age 65. In all specimens, the baseline total reflectance measurement was performed with a computer-assisted spectrometer Clinical RelevanceIn dental bleaching, the micromorphological alterations of hard tissues have been well investigated, but little is known about the optical changes involved. The results of the current study showed that enamel, irrespective of maturation, is subjected to a shift in reflectance towards blue within the color space and enhanced reflection. This effect was demonstrated in different bleaching agent concentrations and protocols. Results: Total reflectance significantly increased after bleaching at all enamel maturation stages, irrespective of the bleaching agent concentration, for wl 450 nm (blue) and 500 nm (green) with p<0.0001. At 750 nm (red), significant changes only occurred in enamel from adults and seniors (p<0.04). However, the efficacy of bleaching was significantly increased in the blue and green light spectra as compared to the red spectra (p<0.0001). Conclusions:The results of the current study showed that the exclusive assumption of the "chromophore effect" in dental bleaching could not be sustained, because whitening of the dental enamel works at different maturation stages, even in impacted teeth. This effect is irrespective of the bleaching protocol used and the bleaching agent concentration.

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Section: Reflectance Atsupporting

confidence: 83%

Effects of Bleaching Agents on Human Enamel Light Reflectance

Marković¹,

Fotouhi²,

Lorenz³

et al. 2010

Operative Dentistry

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“…It also seems that the treatment period has an effect on the results and that a longer period of treatment and stronger peroxide solution is associated with better whitening. 13,14,17,24 From Fig. 1 it can be seen that the L* values (whiteness/ brightness) decreased with time but were still, after three time periods (14 days, 6 months and 14 months), significantly better than at base-line.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…A 6-month follow-up study 13 on patients that had bleached for 2 h/day with two different carbamide peroxide concentrations (10% and 16% respectively) for 3 weeks, showed that the color of teeth was still significantly lighter than initially. Although these patients had a high consumption of staining beverages and food, it was reported not to have an influence on the whitening effect longevity after 6 months.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrophotometric assessment of the effectiveness of Opalescence PF 10%: A 14-month clinical study

Grobler

Hayward

Wiese

et al. 2010

Journal of Dentistry

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Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of Opalescence PF 10% just after treatment, at 6-month follow-up and at a 14-month follow-up period. Methods: Opalescence PF 10% was applied nightly for 14 days. The color of teeth 11 and 21 of 17 subjects were measured with a spectrophotometer (L*; a*; b*) before treatment, just after treatment (14 days), after 6 months and after 14 months. Subjects were instructed to take note of any tooth sensitivity.Results: For all three components (L*, a* and b*) statistical significant differences ( p < 0.05) in the values between base-line, after treatment (14 days later), after 6 months and after 14 months were found (Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum Test). The decrease in L* was about 20% after 6 months and about 50% after 14 months. The a* value decreased approximately 14% after 6 months but was worse after 14 months than at the beginning. The b* value decreased the least with about 9% after 6 months and about 8% after 14 months. The decrease in DE_ ab was _20% after 14 months. Less than 20% of the subjects experienced mild tooth sensitivity just after treatment.Conclusion: Significantly whiter teeth were found after treatment as well as after a 6-month follow-up period. The whiteness/brightness (L*) decreased with _50% after 14 months and the a* value with _50% after 7 months, while the yellowness (b* value) remained even after 14 months.Clinical implications: The product is an effective tooth whitener resulting in only low tooth sensitivity. Re-bleaching could be done at about 14 months.

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“…Meireles et al (12) evaluated the whitening effect of 10 % and 16% carbamide peroxide on the teeth by visual shade matching and digital spectrophotometer. They were instructed the patients to use dispensed gel at night for a period of 2 h/day, during 3 weeks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Color Stability Of Different Composite Resin Materials Bleached With Three Bleaching Agents

Turker¹

2013

Marmara Dental Journal

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The aim of this study was to compare the color stability of 3 proprietary carbamide peroxide bleaching agents on composite resins. Specimens were prepared with a polytetrafluoroethylene plate. After initial color measurements, bleaching agents were applied to each composite resin for 2 weeks. Second color measurements were made. Tested specimens including control group were immersed into distilled water for a -4 month follow-up period. Third and fourth color measurements were made again after 2 weeks and 4 months of follow-up period. Friedman (p<.01), Kruskal Wallis (p<.05) and Wilcoxon Tests were used for statistically evaluation. The most significant color change was seen at the Ormocer group (p<.011). The most significant color change ΔE values were obtained for the Ormocer-Voco group and color changes remained stable after 4 months of immersion in distilled water. Slight color changes values were obtained for nanohybrid and fine particle hybrid composite resins.

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A double blind randomized clinical trial of at-home tooth bleaching using two carbamide peroxide concentrations: 6-month follow-up

Cited by 59 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of Bleaching Agents on Human Enamel Light Reflectance

Effects of Bleaching Agents on Human Enamel Light Reflectance

Spectrophotometric assessment of the effectiveness of Opalescence PF 10%: A 14-month clinical study

Color Stability Of Different Composite Resin Materials Bleached With Three Bleaching Agents

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