A diversity of amoebae colonise the gills of farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) with amoebic gill disease (AGD)

English, Chloe J.; Tyml, Tomáš; Botwright, Natasha A.; Barnes, Andrew C.; Wynne, James W.; Lima, Paula C.; Cook, Mathew T.

doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2018.10.003

Cited by 40 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Five TaqMan MGB probes and PCR primer sets were designed based on the 18S rRNA gene sequences of amoebae previously isolated from AGDaffected Atlantic salmon (English et al 2019). The chosen amoebae for assay design included Nolandella sp.…”

Section: Taqman Qrt-pcr Assay Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on an alignment of 18S rRNA gene sequences from these species and Neopara moeba perurans (MH535959), the primer and probe sets were designed on Primer Express 3.0.1 (Life Technologies) according to the guidelines. Before ordering the probes, the amplicon derived from PCR using each primer set was sequenced ac cording to English et al (2019) to confirm the correct sequence was being amplified. Primers were ordered from GeneWorks and probes from Thermo Fisher Scientific.…”

Section: Taqman Qrt-pcr Assay Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to N. perurans, a diversity of other amoeba species colonise the gills of AGD-affected Atlantic sal mon, with up to 11 other species having been isolated from farmed salmon in Tasmania, including the species of the genera Para moeba, Vexillifera, Pseudo para moeba, Vannella and Nolandella (Howard 2001, English et al 2019. However, it is not understood whether these accompanying amoeba species are parasitic or commensal or if changes to the Amoebozoan community structure in fluence disease onset or progression.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the seasonal abundance of these amoebae and whether their presence correlates with AGD prevalence and severity of pathology is also unknown. Previous studies of gillassociated Amoebozoa identified the amoe bae after isolating and culturing in vitro (Howard 2001, Berming ham & Mulcahy 2007, English et al 2019. These methods likely generate a skewed assess ment of infection prevalence and abundance because they are biased towards amoebae that are more capable of growing in the chosen culture conditions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent study, we described 18S rRNA sequences from many of the amoebae which colonise Atlantic salmon gills in Tasmania (English et al 2019). These sequences are ideal for developing molecular detection assays which can be used to explore the potential role the Amoebozoan community plays in AGD onset and severity.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of six amoeba species colonising the gills of farmed Atlantic salmon with amoebic gill disease (AGD) using qPCR

English¹,

Swords²,

Downes³

et al. 2019

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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Gill health is fundamental to the success of finfish aquaculture. These delicate organs are responsible for gas exchange, acid-base balance, waste excretion and osmoregulation, yet are constantly exposed to a variety of microorganisms and environmental insults which can result in various gill diseases (Evans 2005, Mitchell & Rodger 2011). While the aetiologies of many disease pathologies are attributed to single pathological agents, the drivers of gill disease can be more complex (Gjessing et al. 2017, Herrero et al. 2018). A multifactorial approach to disease occurrence that considers the impact of environmental factors and microbial community structure, rather than focusing on a single agent, may therefore be a ra

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Section: Taqman Qrt-pcr Assay Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Taqman Qrt-pcr Assay Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of six amoeba species colonising the gills of farmed Atlantic salmon with amoebic gill disease (AGD) using qPCR

English¹,

Swords²,

Downes³

et al. 2019

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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Improved 18S rDNA profiling of parasite communities in salmonid tissues using a host blocking primer

Patchett,

Rigby,

Wynne

2024

Parasitol Res

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Sensitive screening of eukaryotic communities in aquaculture for research and management is limited by the availability of technologies that can detect invading pathogens in an unbiased manner. Amplicon sequencing of 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) provides a potential pan-diagnostic test to overcome these biases; however, this technique is limited by a swamping effect of host DNA on low abundance parasite DNA. In this study, we have adapted a host 18S rDNA blocking assay to amplify eukaryotic DNA from salmonid tissue for amplicon sequencing. We demonstrate that effective salmonid 18S rDNA blocking enables sensitive detection of parasite genera in salmonid gill swabs. Furthermore, 18S rDNA amplicon sequencing with host blocking identified enriched pathogen communities in gill swabs from Atlantic salmon suffering from severe clinical gill infections compared to those exhibiting no clinical signs of gill infection. Application of host 18S rDNA blocking in salmonid samples led to improved detection of the amoebic parasite Neoparamoeba perurans, a parasite of significant threat to the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry. These results reveal host 18S rDNA blocking as an effective strategy to improve the profiling and detection of parasitic communities in aquaculture species. This assay can be readily adapted to any animal species for improved eukaryotic profiling across agricultural and veterinary industries.

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On the trail of detecting genetic (co)variation between resistance to parasite infections (Diplectanum aequans and Lernanthropus kroyeri) and growth in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Papapetrou

Kazlari

Papanna³

et al. 2021

Aquaculture Reports

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A diversity of amoebae colonise the gills of farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) with amoebic gill disease (AGD)

Cited by 40 publications

References 49 publications

Prevalence of six amoeba species colonising the gills of farmed Atlantic salmon with amoebic gill disease (AGD) using qPCR

Prevalence of six amoeba species colonising the gills of farmed Atlantic salmon with amoebic gill disease (AGD) using qPCR

Improved 18S rDNA profiling of parasite communities in salmonid tissues using a host blocking primer

On the trail of detecting genetic (co)variation between resistance to parasite infections (Diplectanum aequans and Lernanthropus kroyeri) and growth in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

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