A distributed Command Governor Approach for voltage regulation in Medium Voltage power grids with distributed generation

Abstract

A distributed multi-agent supervision strategy (S-CG) based on Command Governor ideas is proposed to solve constrained voltage regulation problems in electrical Medium Voltage (MV) power grids in the presence of Distributed Generation (DG). The idea is that an active management of the set-points of some controllable variables of the grid, e.g. the power either provided by the distributed generators or consumed by the loads, can be an effective tool not only for maintaining relevant system variables within prescribed operative constraints in response to unexpected adverse conditions, but also for implementing some smart-grid functionalities. The supervision problem is formulated as a distributed constrained optimization problem by imposing that the voltages at certain nodes have, compatibly with all prescribed constraints and changed conditions, minimal deviations from their nominal values. Simulation results show that the proposed approach ensures, under certain conditions, feasible evolutions to the overall power grid under critical events.

Reference and command governors for systems with constraints: A survey on theory and applications

“…For what concerns voltage regulation, the first paper where a CG was proposed for the voltage regulation in medium and low voltage distribution networks is probably [43]. Other papers include [42], and [235] that explore the use of a distributed CG in a power grid with distributed generation.…”

General and Simple Decision Method for DG Penetration Level in View of Voltage Regulation at Distribution Substation Transformers

“…However, this results in local voltage problems in distribution lines. In order to overcome the local voltage raise problems at the HV/LV distribution lines with large penetration of DGs, the autonomous or centralized control of DG reactive power should be adopted [20][21][22]. On the other hand, the centralized/decentralized voltage management schemes of the voltage control devices, such as OLTC transformer, energy storage system (ESS), and reactive power control of the DGs, should be adopted in the future distribution network to optimize the voltage profiles of the entire distribution networks [15,23,24].…”