A distinct seed-transmissible strain of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus infecting Chayote in India

Sangeetha, B.; Malathi, V. G.; Alice, D.; Mariappan, S. V. Santhana; Renukadevi, P.

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2018.10.009

Cited by 50 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This probability increases to 10 −18 and 10 −8 if we consider the lower infection rates of G 1 seedlings reported for the same virus in other hosts, such as soybean and pepper, with infection rates of 21% [6] and 10% [32], respectively. Similar levels of probability are obtained if one considers the infection rates of other geminiviruses in different progeny plants [7][8][9][10][11]. Therefore, our data allow us to exclude seed transmission of TYLCSV, at least at the rates that were measured for TYLCV or for other begomoviruses.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

No Evidence for Seed Transmission of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Sardinia Virus in Tomato

Tabein

Miozzi

Matić

et al. 2021

Cells

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Seed transmission is an important factor in the epidemiology of plant pathogens. Geminiviruses are serious pests spread in tropical and subtropical regions. They are transmitted by hemipteran insects, but a few cases of transmission through seeds were recently reported. Here, we investigated the tomato seed transmissibility of the begomovirus tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus (TYLCSV), one of the agents inducing the tomato yellow leaf curl disease, heavily affecting tomato crops in the Mediterranean area. None of the 180 seedlings originating from TYLCSV-infected plants showed any phenotypic alteration typical of virus infection. Moreover, whole viral genomic molecules could not be detected in their cotyledons and true leaves, neither by membrane hybridization nor by rolling-circle amplification followed by PCR, indicating that TYLCSV is not a seed-transmissible pathogen for tomato. Examining the localization of TYLCSV DNA in progenitor plants, we detected the virus genome by PCR in all vegetative and reproductive tissues, but viral genomic and replicative forms were found only in leaves, flowers and fruit flesh, not in seeds and embryos. Closer investigations allowed us to discover for the first time that these embryos were superficially contaminated by TYLCSV DNA but whole genomic molecules were not detectable. Therefore, the inability of TYLCSV genomic molecules to colonize tomato embryos during infection justifies the lack of seed transmissibility observed in this host.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

No Evidence for Seed Transmission of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Sardinia Virus in Tomato

Tabein

Miozzi

Matić

et al. 2021

Cells

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“…Since our analyses reveal clustering of isolates from geographically proximal countries, the dissemination of the ToLCArV-like isolates is likely to have occurred via virus-infected planting material or spread by cross-border spread of viruliferous white ies, leading to genetic similarity among these isolates. Although, our study did not investigate mode of virus transmission, evidence of seed transmission has recently been reported in other closely related begomovirus species from tomato [65] and other hosts [66][67][68][69]. Thus, further research is required to understand how speci c begomovirus species are spread across various borders in East Africa and to determine the epidemiological and ecological implications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Metagenomic analyses and genetic diversity of Tomato leaf curl virus complex affecting tomato plants in Kenya

Avedi

Adediji

Kilalo

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Tomato production is threatened worldwide by the occurrence of begomoviruses which are associated with tomato leaf curl diseases. There is little information on the molecular properties of tomato begomoviruses in Kenya, hence we investigated the population and genetic diversity of begomoviruses associated with tomato leaf curl in Kenya. Methods In 2018, we obtained tomato leaf samples with virus-like symptoms from farmers’ fields across Kenya and used Illumina sequencing to identify associated begomoviruses. Using the sequences, we determined the genetic diversity of begomoviruses. Additionally, selection pressure and recombinant isolates within the population were evaluated. Results Twelve complete begomovirus genomes were obtained from our samples with an average coverage of 99.9%. The sequences showed 95.7–99.7% identity among each other and 95.9–98.9% similarities with a Tomato leaf curl virus Arusha virus (ToLCArV) isolate from Tanzania. When we analyzed the amino acid sequences, we detected the highest identities in the regions coding for the coat protein gene (98.5–100%) within the isolates, and with the C4 gene of ToLCArV (97.1–100%). Phylogenetic algorithms clustered all Kenyan isolates in the same clades with ToLCArV, thus confirming the isolates to be a variant of the virus. Recombination analyses identified four putative events (P ≤ 0.05) among the isolates. Estimation of selection pressure within the virus population revealed the occurrence of negative or purifying selection in 5 out of the 6 coding regions. Conclusions The begomovirus associated with tomato leaf curl diseases in Kenya is a variant of ToLCArV possibly originating from Tanzania. Recombinant virus strains were detected within the population and there are divergence evolutionary events within the coding regions of the virus in Kenya. This information is useful in the development of appropriate management strategies for the disease.

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“…While seed transmissibility of begomoviruses is a recurring debate (Kil et al., ; Kothandaraman et al., ; Pérez‐Padilla et al., ), seed transmission was reported for a distinct isolate of ToLCNDV found in chayote ( Sechium edule L.) in Tamil Nadu, India (Sangeetha et al., ), and was recently reported for ToLCNDV in zucchini squash from Italy (Kil et al., ). Seeds germinating from leftover fruits that had fallen in the previous year developed into virus‐infected seedlings and provided evidence that seed transmission can occur.…”

Section: Pest Categorisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pest categorisation of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus

Bragard¹,

Dehnen‐Schmutz²,

Serio³

et al. 2020

EFS2

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Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation on tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV). ToLCNDV is a well‐defined bipartite Begomovirus species, sometimes associated with satellite molecules. It is transmitted by Bemisia tabaci to a wide range of hosts. ToLCNDV is reported from Estonia, Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain, with limited distribution. The prevalent strain (ToLCNDV‐ES) in these countries is particularly adapted to cucurbits and is different from isolates reported outside the EU, which are better adapted to solanaceous crops and could therefore pose additional risk for EU agriculture. The virus is regulated under Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2072. The main pathway of entry identified is plants for planting of susceptible hosts, even if entry could also occur via commodities carrying viruliferous B. tabaci and possibly by seeds. While establishment and local spread rely on B. tabaci, the virus can also be dispersed over long distances by movement of infected plants for planting. Establishment and spread are limited to regions with ecoclimatic conditions suitable for the establishment of vector populations (southern regions of Europe) or can occur as outbreaks wherever crops are grown under protected cultivation. The main uncertainties associated with this pest categorisation are the distribution and prevalence of ToLCNDV in the EU, the magnitude of the virus impact particularly on hosts different from Cucurbitaceae, and seed transmission. ToLCNDV meets all the criteria evaluated by EFSA to qualify as potential Union Quarantine Pest (QP); conversely, ToLCNDV does not meet the criterion of being widespread in the EU to qualify as a Regulated Non‐Quarantine Pest (RNQP). Should new data show that ToLCNDV is widespread in the EU, the possibility would exist for non‐EU isolates to qualify as QP, while ToLCNDV EU isolates (ToLCNDV‐ES) could qualify as RNQP.

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A distinct seed-transmissible strain of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus infecting Chayote in India

Cited by 50 publications

References 32 publications

No Evidence for Seed Transmission of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Sardinia Virus in Tomato

No Evidence for Seed Transmission of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Sardinia Virus in Tomato

Metagenomic analyses and genetic diversity of Tomato leaf curl virus complex affecting tomato plants in Kenya

Pest categorisation of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus

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