A distinct population of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> in New Zealand: evidence for local dispersal by insects and human‐aided global dispersal in oak barrels

Goddard, Matthew R.; Anfang, Nicole; Tang, Rongying; Gardner, Richard C.; Jun, Casey

doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02035.x

Cited by 168 publications

(235 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…For example, in a survey of 103 S. cerevisiae strains (surveyed at five loci), Diezmann and Dietrich (16) found that between 33 and 88% of human-associated isolates exhibited heterozygosity whereas none of the soil isolates they examined showed any evidence of heterozygosity. Human-associated environments might increase opportunities for outcrossing by bringing diverse strain backgrounds into proximity (17), by creating mass mating conditions (18), or by creating greater opportunities for spore dispersal by insect vectors (19). Alternatively, human-associated environments may have selectively favored genomically mixed strains.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcrossing, mitotic recombination, and life-history trade-offs shape genome evolution in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Magwene

Kayıkçı

Granek

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

158

179

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We carried out a population genomic survey of Saccharomyces cerevisiae diploid isolates and find that many budding yeast strains have high levels of genomic heterozygosity, much of which is likely due to outcrossing. We demonstrate that variation in heterozygosity among strains is correlated with a life-history tradeoff that involves how readily yeast switch from asexual to sexual reproduction under nutrient stress. This trade-off is reflected in a negative relationship between sporulation efficiency and pseudohyphal development and correlates with variation in the expression of RME1, a transcription factor with pleiotropic effects on meiosis and filamentous growth. Selection for alternate lifehistory strategies in natural versus human-associated environments likely contributes to differential maintenance of genomic heterozygosity through its effect on the frequency that yeast lineages experience sexual cycles and hence the opportunity for inbreeding. In addition to elevated levels of heterozygosity, many strains exhibit large genomic regions of loss-of-heterozygosity (LOH), suggesting that mitotic recombination has a significant impact on genetic variation in this species. This study provides new insights into the roles that both outcrossing and mitotic recombination play in shaping the genome architecture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This study also provides a unique case where stark differences in the genomic distribution of genetic variation among individuals of the same species can be largely explained by a lifehistory trade-off.T he frequency of sex and the nature of breeding systems have a profound effect on genome variation and evolution. For example, inbred populations have an increased frequency of homozygous genotypes (1), lower effective rates of recombination (2), and smaller effective population sizes relative to outcrossed populations with the same number of individuals (3). Likewise, clonal populations are expected to exhibit high levels of heterozygosity coupled with increased allelic diversity but decreased genotypic diversity relative to sexual populations (4).The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the best studied model organisms, but relatively little is known about the importance of sexual versus asexual reproduction and inbreeding versus outcrossing in shaping genome evolution in this species. One recent study estimated that outcrossing occurs approximately once every 50,000 generations in S. cerevisiae (5), but low rates of outcrossing do not preclude the possibility that outcrossing has an important impact on genetic variation. Studies of the closely related yeast Saccharomyces paradoxus suggest that sexual cycles are rare relative to asexual cycles and that when sex does occur it primarily involves inbreeding (6, 7). However, S. paradoxus exhibits distinctly different intra-and interpopulation patterns of variation than does S. cerevisiae (8), and hence these findings may not be generalizable across the Saccharomyces genus.Patterns of heterozygosity are an important indica...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcrossing, mitotic recombination, and life-history trade-offs shape genome evolution in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Magwene

Kayıkçı

Granek

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

158

179

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“…Birds may play a defining role in long distance movement of microorganisms; for example, in the case of yeasts, it has been shown that insects may transport cells within approximately 10 km [9], while migratory birds are effective at longer distances [7]. So far, a few studies analyzed filamentous fungi associated with migratory birds [4,14], while bacteria and yeasts have been better investigated [4,6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filamentous Fungi Transported by Birds During Migration Across the Mediterranean Sea

et al. 2012

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The potential for the transport and diffusion of some pathogenic microorganisms by migratory birds is of concern. Migratory birds may be involved in the dispersal of microorganisms and may play a role of mechanical and biological vectors. The efficiency of dispersal of pathogenic microorganisms depends on a wide range of biotic and abiotic factors that influence the survival or disappearance of a given agent in a geographical area. In the present study, 349 migratory birds were captured in four sites (Mazara del Vallo, Lampedusa, Ustica and Linosa), representing the main stop-over points during spring and autumnal migration, and analyzed for the presence of filamentous fungi. A total of 2,337 filamentous fungi were isolated from 216 birds and identified by a combined phenotypic-genotypic approach to species level. Twelve species were identified in the study, with Cladosporium cladosporioides, Alternaria alternata, and Aspergillus niger as the most abundant. The transport of these fungal species isolated in this study is of considerable importance because some of these species can create dangers to human health.

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“…It must be noted that S. cerevisiae is not airborne, but requires a vector to move (23). Several studies show a flow of S. cerevisiae cells among wineries and natural environments (24), probably favored by animal vectors (25). In a recent paper, Francesca et al suggest the role of migratory birds as vectors of S. cerevisiae cells (26).…”

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confidence: 99%

Role of social wasps in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ecology and evolution

Stefanini

Dapporto

Legras

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

262

236

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most important model organisms and has been a valuable asset to human civilization. However, despite its extensive use in the last 9,000 y, the existence of a seasonal cycle outside human-made environments has not yet been described. We demonstrate the role of social wasps as vector and natural reservoir of S. cerevisiae during all seasons. We provide experimental evidence that queens of social wasps overwintering as adults (Vespa crabro and Polistes spp.) can harbor yeast cells from autumn to spring and transmit them to their progeny. This result is mirrored by field surveys of the genetic variability of natural strains of yeast. Microsatellites and sequences of a selected set of loci able to recapitulate the yeast strain's evolutionary history were used to compare 17 environmental wasp isolates with a collection of strains from grapes from the same region and more than 230 strains representing worldwide yeast variation. The wasp isolates fall into subclusters representing the overall ecological and industrial yeast diversity of their geographic origin. Our findings indicate that wasps are a key environmental niche for the evolution of natural S. cerevisiae populations, the dispersion of yeast cells in the environment, and the maintenance of their diversity. The close relatedness of several wasp isolates with grape and wine isolates reflects the crucial role of human activities on yeast population structure, through clonal expansion and selection of specific strains during the biotransformation of fermented foods, followed by dispersal mediated by insects and other animals. evolutionary biology | genomics

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A distinct population of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in New Zealand: evidence for local dispersal by insects and human‐aided global dispersal in oak barrels

Cited by 168 publications

References 38 publications

Outcrossing, mitotic recombination, and life-history trade-offs shape genome evolution in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Outcrossing, mitotic recombination, and life-history trade-offs shape genome evolution in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Filamentous Fungi Transported by Birds During Migration Across the Mediterranean Sea

Role of social wasps in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ecology and evolution

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