A dispensable paralog of succinate dehydrogenase subunit C mediates standing resistance towards a subclass of SDHI fungicides in Zymoseptoria tritici

Steinhauer, Diana; Salat, Marie; Frey, Regula; Mosbach, Andreas; Luksch, Torsten; Balmer, Dirk; Hansen, Rasmus; Widdison, Stephanie; Logan, Greg; Dietrich, Robert A.; Kema, Gert H. J.; Bieri, Stéphane; Sierotzki, Helge; Torriani, Stefano F. F.; Scalliet, Gabriel

doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1007780

Cited by 60 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…However, even with the solutions available from the agricultural industry, crop losses remain high in soybean and a wide range of other crops [93]. In many cases, the losses seen are due to fungi that have developed resistance to existing control strategies [94][95][96]. The speed with which many species of fungi evolve and become resistant to existing control strategies means that there is a constant need to identify agents with novel modes of action.…”

Section: The Janus Face Of Filamentous Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Growing a circular economy with fungal biotechnology: a white paper

Meyer

Basenko

Benz

et al. 2020

Fungal Biol Biotechnol

256

175

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Fungi have the ability to transform organic materials into a rich and diverse set of useful products and provide distinct opportunities for tackling the urgent challenges before all humans. Fungal biotechnology can advance the transition from our petroleum-based economy into a bio-based circular economy and has the ability to sustainably produce resilient sources of food, feed, chemicals, fuels, textiles, and materials for construction, automotive and transportation industries, for furniture and beyond. Fungal biotechnology offers solutions for securing, stabilizing and enhancing the food supply for a growing human population, while simultaneously lowering greenhouse gas emissions. Fungal biotechnology has, thus, the potential to make a significant contribution to climate change mitigation and meeting the United Nation's sustainable development goals through the rational improvement of new and established fungal cell factories. The White Paper presented here is the result of the 2nd Think Tank meeting held by the EUROFUNG consortium in Berlin in October 2019. This paper highlights discussions on current opportunities and research challenges in fungal biotechnology and aims to inform scientists, educators, the general public, industrial stakeholders and policymakers about the current fungal biotech revolution.

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Section: The Janus Face Of Filamentous Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Growing a circular economy with fungal biotechnology: a white paper

Meyer

Basenko

Benz

et al. 2020

Fungal Biol Biotechnol

256

175

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The emergence of fungicide tolerance in Z. tritici is a major threat to wheat production. Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibitors are commonly used as control agents [31,43]. We identified five SDH orthologs, of which three were conserved among all genomes (SDHB, SDHC and SDHD subunits).…”

Section: Substantial Gene Content Variation Across the Pangenomementioning

confidence: 99%

A 19-isolate reference-quality global pangenome for the fungal wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici

et al. 2020

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Background:The gene content of a species largely governs its ecological interactions and adaptive potential. A species is therefore defined by both core genes shared between all individuals and accessory genes segregating presence-absence variation. There is growing evidence that eukaryotes, similar to bacteria, show intra-specific variability in gene content. However, it remains largely unknown how functionally relevant such a pangenome structure is for eukaryotes and what mechanisms underlie the emergence of highly polymorphic genome structures. Results: Here, we establish a reference-quality pangenome of a fungal pathogen of wheat based on 19 complete genomes from isolates sampled across six continents. Zymoseptoria tritici causes substantial worldwide losses to wheat production due to rapidly evolved tolerance to fungicides and evasion of host resistance. We performed transcriptomeassisted annotations of each genome to construct a global pangenome. Major chromosomal rearrangements are segregating within the species and underlie extensive gene presence-absence variation. Conserved orthogroups account for only~60% of the species pangenome. Investigating gene functions, we find that the accessory genome is enriched for pathogenesis-related functions and encodes genes involved in metabolite production, host tissue degradation and manipulation of the immune system. De novo transposon annotation of the 19 complete genomes shows that the highly diverse chromosomal structure is tightly associated with transposable element content. Furthermore, transposable element expansions likely underlie recent genome expansions within the species.Conclusions: Taken together, our work establishes a highly complex eukaryotic pangenome providing an unprecedented toolbox to study how pangenome structure impacts crop-pathogen interactions.

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“…Although the decreasing sensitivity in Z. tritici populations to SDHIs in the field is still being contained, reports regarding the resistance of this fungus towards DMIs have increased in the recent years. Indeed, serious breakdowns in azole fungicide efficacy appeared, firstly in Europe and then all over the world [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Concerning DMI resistance, three mechanisms of resistance have been described: (i) alteration of the CYP51 protein due to mutations in the corresponding gene, causing a decrease of affinity between the fungicide and its target, the protein CYP51, (ii) overexpression of the CYP51 gene, and (iii) enhanced efflux activity in fungal cells due to the overexpression of genes coding for membrane transporters, leading to populations exhibiting multi-drug resistance (MDR) phenotypes [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of the C12 Carbon Chain in the Biological Activity of Rhamnolipids Conferring Protection in Wheat against Zymoseptoria tritici

Platel¹,

Chaveriat

Guenic

et al. 2020

Molecules

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The hemibiotrophic fungus Zymoseptoria tritici, responsible for Septoria tritici blotch, is currently the most devastating foliar disease on wheat crops worldwide. Here, we explored, for the first time, the ability of rhamnolipids (RLs) to control this pathogen, using a total of 19 RLs, including a natural RL mixture produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 18 bioinspired RLs synthesized using green chemistry, as well as two related compounds (lauric acid and dodecanol). These compounds were assessed for in vitro antifungal effect, in planta defence elicitation (peroxidase and catalase enzyme activities), and protection efficacy on the wheat-Z. tritici pathosystem. Interestingly, a structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that synthetic RLs with a 12 carbon fatty acid tail were the most effective for all examined biological activities. This highlights the importance of the C12 chain in the bioactivity of RLs, likely by acting on the plasma membranes of both wheat and Z. tritici cells. The efficacy of the most active compound Rh-Est-C12 was 20-fold lower in planta than in vitro; an optimization of the formulation is thus required to increase its effectiveness. No Z. tritici strain-dependent activity was scored for Rh-Est-C12 that exhibited similar antifungal activity levels towards strains differing in their resistance patterns to demethylation inhibitor fungicides, including multi-drug resistance strains. This study reports new insights into the use of bio-inspired RLs to control Z. tritici.

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A dispensable paralog of succinate dehydrogenase subunit C mediates standing resistance towards a subclass of SDHI fungicides in Zymoseptoria tritici

Cited by 60 publications

References 71 publications

Growing a circular economy with fungal biotechnology: a white paper

Growing a circular economy with fungal biotechnology: a white paper

A 19-isolate reference-quality global pangenome for the fungal wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici

Importance of the C12 Carbon Chain in the Biological Activity of Rhamnolipids Conferring Protection in Wheat against Zymoseptoria tritici

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