A discussion of microstructural changes in wood during decomposition by white rot basidiomycetes

Otjen, Lewis; Blanchette, Robert A.

doi:10.1139/b86-121

Cited by 86 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This means that, in general terms, the selected fungal strains preferentially degraded the lignin moiety in eucalypt wood leaving a residue enriched in cellulose. On each type of wood, only a limited number of fungal species cause this selective degradation pattern [19]. By contrast, a simultaneous degradation pattern, characterized by the removal of different wood constituents and cell-wall layers, is generally produced during white-rot decay.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin attack during eucalypt wood decay by selected basidiomycetes: a Py-GC/MS study

Rı́o

Speranza

Gutiérrez

et al. 2002

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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The degradation patterns of Eucalyptus globulus wood by several basidiomycetes isolated from naturally-decayed wood in eucalypt plantations in Uruguay were studied by analytical pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Relative peak areas were calculated for pyrolysis products derived from guaiacylpropanoid (G) and syringylpropanoid (S) lignin units, as well as for products arising from carbohydrates. The fungal strains used were found to be efficient lignin degraders on eucalypt wood as revealed by lignin/carbohydrate ratio from pyrolysis products. Simultaneously, a decrease of lignin S/G ratio was observed during wood delignification. This is due to the preferential biodegradation of S-units, which are predominantly ether-linked, compared with G-units that are more recalcitrant towards fungal attack because of the presence of biphenyl-type structures. Both the lowest lignin/carbohydrate and S/G ratios were found in the wood treated with a Phanerochaete crassa strain. Subtle modifications of residual lignin in wood were evidenced by changes in relative abundance of pyrolysis products after fungal decay. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin attack during eucalypt wood decay by selected basidiomycetes: a Py-GC/MS study

Rı́o

Speranza

Gutiérrez

et al. 2002

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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“…Isolates of R. catervatus made from rotted rimu roots, and from matai heartrot (Table 6), were taken from a distinctive honeycomb-like white pocket rot (Otjen & Blanchette 1986), in which cavities were separated by narrow partitions of apparently sound wood. Fruitbodies of this species were subsequently produced on remnants of the matai heartrot composed of this decay type, and were also associated with the same decay pattern in rimu sapwood.…”

Section: Insect Species or Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

A decay study of windthrown indigenous trees

Hood

Sandberg

Kimberley

1989

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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The fungal communities within six stems each of matai (Prumnopitys taxifolia (D. Don) Laubenf.) and rimu (Dacrydium cupressinum Lamb.) were studied nearly four years after windthrow in a dense podocarp forest in the central North Island. There was a significant decrease in yield of isolates of all fungi, as well as basidiomycetes in particular, with increasing radial depth beneath the cambium (P < 0.01). The decrease was greater for matai than for rimu (P < 0.01). Fewer isolates of either group were obtained from heartwood (0q5% of attempts) than from sapwood and rimu transition wood (13-43%; P < 0.01). Among the basidiomycetes, 85% of isolates belonged to eight species or generic groups, six of which varied significantly in occurrence between trees (P < 0.05). The condition of the root systems in uprooted trees of four species (matai; rimu; miro, Prumnopitys ferruginea (D. Don) Laubenf.; tawa, Beilschmiedia tawa (A. Cunn.) Benth. et Hook. f. ex Kirk) was evaluated in the same forest. On matai and rimu trees, a greater mean percentage of emergent roots was decayed at the centre of the exposed surface of the root-soil plate than around the margin (P < 0.05). Matai and rimu roots were significantly more decayed in this exposed central zone than were those of miro and tawa (P < 0.05). Rigidoporus catervatus (Berkeley) Comer was shown to be responsible for a white pocket rot in the heartwood and roots of living trees, and sapwood of fallen logs.

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“…Basidiomycetous white-rot fungi play a pivotal role in forest ecosystems (Otjen & Blanchette, 1986;Myneni et al, 2001). They are the only fungal group capable of degrading all three chemical constituents of wood, namely cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Basidiomycetes are regarded as the most important fungi that inhabit the forest floor (Otjen & Blanchette, 1986;Myneni et al, 2001). It is thought that their principle role within the forest ecosystem is to degrade woody material, since they are the only known fungi capable of degrading all the major cell wall components of wood (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin).…”

Section: Basidiomycetes and Wood Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of wood degradation by Pycnoporus sanguineus when co-cultured with selected fungi

Heerden

Roux

Swart

et al. 2008

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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A discussion of microstructural changes in wood during decomposition by white rot basidiomycetes

Cited by 86 publications

References 7 publications

Lignin attack during eucalypt wood decay by selected basidiomycetes: a Py-GC/MS study

Lignin attack during eucalypt wood decay by selected basidiomycetes: a Py-GC/MS study

A decay study of windthrown indigenous trees

Assessment of wood degradation by Pycnoporus sanguineus when co-cultured with selected fungi

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