A Discrete Numerical Study of the Effect of the Thickness and the Porosity of the Sand Cushion on the Impact Response Due to the Rockfall

Yuan, Song; Zhao, Peng; Li, Liangpu; Xi-bao, Wang; Li, Jun; Zhang, Bo

doi:10.32604/cmes.2022.018507

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The g s is defined as the surface clearance, that is, the difference between the contact clearance and the reference clearance. The contact force between particles [38,39] can be calculated as:…”

Section: Principles Of Discrete Element Methods (Dem) and The Contact...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Response of PCCP under the Rockfall Impact Based on the Continuous–Discontinuous Method: A Case Study

Ma,

Tu,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Water

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Rockfalls are major geological hazards threatening prestressed concrete cylinder pipes (PCCPs) in water diversion projects. To accurately assess the impact of large deformation movements of rockfalls on PCCPs, this study utilized the continuous–discontinuous method to investigate the dynamic response of a PCCP under a rockfall. The impact mode of rockfalls, the mechanical characteristics of PCCP, and the nonlinear-contact characteristics between soil and PCCP were considered in this study. The advantages of continuous and discontinuous numerical simulation methods were utilized to establish a continuous and discontinuous coupling model of “tube-soil-rock” considering the interaction of soil and structure. The impact mechanism and process of PCCP under the rockfall were investigated by simulating the rockfall process and analyzing its spatiotemporal evolution. The influence of PCCP under rockfalls with different heights and radii was studied to clarify the effects of these two parameters on the PCCP. Combined with a practical application example of large-scale water transfer projects, there is a tendency of center flattening under static load and dynamic impact load, and the PCCP part directly below the impact point is the most dangerous. This investigation provided a comprehensive understanding of the impact mechanism of the PCCPs under rockfall. The findings of this study have significant implications for the design of the protection engineering of PCCPs and ensuring the safe operation of water diversion projects.

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Section: Principles Of Discrete Element Methods (Dem) and The Contact...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Response of PCCP under the Rockfall Impact Based on the Continuous–Discontinuous Method: A Case Study

Ma,

Tu,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Water

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“…The DEM has become a suitable numerical tool for analyzing the impact of rockfalls across various scales (Cundall & Strack, 1979). Many scholars have found DEM to be an effective method for studying the dynamic response of rockfall on the sand cushion (Calvetti et al, 2005;Shen et al, 2021;Yuan et al, 2022;Zhang, Nguyen, et al, 2017). Naito et al (2020) conducted comparative analyses of large-scale rockfall impact DEM simulations and experimental results on different physical parameters of the sand cushion, including thickness, initial relative density, and drop height.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Rockfall Impacts on a Sand CushionComposed of Non-Spherical ParticlesUsing Three-Dimensional DEM

Zhou,

Fu,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Rockfall disasters are one of the primary geological hazards on Earth, and a rock shed with a sand cushion plays a crucial role in rockfall protection. Previous studies have mainly focused on the dynamic response of rockfall on the sand cushion for a single impact. However, in actual rockfall disasters, it is common for the sand cushions of rock sheds to suffer multiple rockfall impacts. This study utilized a three-dimensional discrete element method to investigate the dynamic response of rockfall on the sand cushion for multiple impacts from different heights. For the first time, non-spherical particles were used to simulate the sand particles composing the sand cushion, and comparative analysis confirmed that non-spherical particles better replicate the characteristics of the sand cushion compared to spherical particles. Subsequently, in-depth investigations were conducted on two scenarios: multiple rockfall impacts at the same position and multiple rockfall impacts at different positions, and specifically analyzed the impact force and penetration depth. The results indicated that when the rockfall impacts multiple times at the same position, both the maximum impact force and the maximum penetration depth increase with the number of impacts. When the rockfall impacts multiple times simultaneously at different positions, they have no mutual influence when the distance between the two rockfall impacts is greater than 6R. This study demonstrates the significance of studying multiple rockfall impacts, providing valuable insights for the rational design of rock sheds for rockfall protection and performance evaluations in the face of multiple rockfall disasters.

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“…At the same time, the effect of the particle size on the buffering efficiency of the soil buffer layer can be studied by combining the experiments [10]. The influence of the sand buffer layer thickness and porosity on the buffer performance can also be analyzed by the discrete element numerical method [11]. In these studies, the DEM was found to be an effective method for studying the impact response of sand buffers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Investigation of the Dynamic Response of a Sand Cushion with Multiple Rockfall Impacts

Zhang

Feng

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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A shed cave structure with a sand cushion is often used as a protective structure for rockfall disasters. Because of the randomness and unpredictability of rockfall disasters, the cushions of shed caves often suffer multiple impacts from rockfalls. Aiming at the problem of multiple impacts of rockfall, this paper uses the three-dimensional discrete element method to study the dynamic response of multiple rockfall impacts on sand cushions from different heights. Before conducting large-scale simulation studies, the input parameters in the numerical model are verified with data from laboratory experiments. Analyzing the simulation results shows that when the same point is impacted multiple times, the maximum impact force and the maximum penetration depth will increase with the number of impacts. According to the numerical results, a calculation formula of the maximum impact force that considers the number of impacts is fitted. At the same time, considering the impact response when the rockfall impacts different positions multiple times, the distance range that the subsequent impact is not affected by the previous impact is given. The significance of studying the multiple impacts of rockfalls is shown by a numerical study of rockfalls impacting a sand cushion multiple times from different heights, and it provides a reference for the design of rockfall disaster-protection structures in practical engineering.

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A Discrete Numerical Study of the Effect of the Thickness and the Porosity of the Sand Cushion on the Impact Response Due to the Rockfall

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Dynamic Response of PCCP under the Rockfall Impact Based on the Continuous–Discontinuous Method: A Case Study

Dynamic Response of PCCP under the Rockfall Impact Based on the Continuous–Discontinuous Method: A Case Study

Multiple Rockfall Impacts on a Sand CushionComposed of Non-Spherical ParticlesUsing Three-Dimensional DEM

Numerical Investigation of the Dynamic Response of a Sand Cushion with Multiple Rockfall Impacts

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