A discrete lesion of ventral hypothalamus and optic chiasm that disturbed the daily temperature rhythm

Schwartz, William J.; Busis, Neil A.; Hedley‐Whyte, E. T.

doi:10.1007/bf00313981

Cited by 88 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…constant dark conditions in many species (Stephan and Zucker, 1972;Schwartz et al, 1986;Ralph et al, 1990;Cohen and Albers, 1991). The robust rhythmicity in activity is abolished when the SCN is ablated (Stephan and Zucker, 1972;Moore and Eichler, 1972), and can be subsequently restored in recipients of SCN transplantation (Ralph et al, 1990;Silver et al, 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

The suprachiasmatic nucleus functions beyond circadian rhythm generation

et al. 2007

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We recently discovered that human activity possesses a complex temporal organization characterized by scale-invariant/self-similar fluctuations from seconds to ~4 hour-statistical properties of fluctuations remain the same at different time scales. Here, we show that scale-invariant activity patterns are essentially identical in humans and rats, and exist for up to ~24 hour: six-times longer than previously documented. Theoretically, such scale-invariant patterns can be produced by a neural network of interacting control nodes-system components with feedback loops-operating at different time scales. However such control nodes have not yet been identified in any neurophysiological model of scale invariance/self-similarity in mammals. Here we demonstrate that the endogenous circadian pacemaker (suprachiasmastic nucleus; SCN), known to modulate locomotor activity with a periodicity of ~24 hour, also acts as a major neural control node responsible for the generation of scale-invariant locomotor patterns over a broad range of time scales from minutes to at least 24 hour (rather than solely at ~24 hour). Remarkably, we found that SCN lesion in rats completely abolished the scale-invariant locomotor pattern between 4 and 24 hour and significantly altered the patterns at time scales <4 hour. Identification of the control nodes of a neural network responsible for scale invariance is the critical first step in understanding the neurophysiological origin of scale invariance/self-similarity. KeywordsActivity; Scale-invariance; Suprachiasmatic nucleus lesion; Human; Rat; Network The suprachiasmastic nucleus (SCN) in mammals generates self-sustained oscillations that orchestrate a wide range of neurophysiologic functions-from cellular processes to overt behaviors-with a time period of ~24 hour (Weaver, 1998). One of the fundamental processes influenced by the SCN is motor activity, which displays clear ~24 hour rhythms even under

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confidence: 99%

The suprachiasmatic nucleus functions beyond circadian rhythm generation

et al. 2007

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“…Only nine cases of metastasis to the optic chiasm have been reported: eight cases of metastasis indirectly to the optic chiasm, 3,9,13,14) and one case of metastasis directly to the optic chiasm. 1) All patients presented with visual deficits such as visual acuity deterioration and bitemporal hemianopsia, and two patients also had hormonal insufficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optic chiasm metastasis was identified in three autopsy cases with multiple brain metastases, 14) and three cases of chiasmal syndrome due to suprasellar metastasis were reported without revealing the precise region of metastasis. 3) One case of optic chiasm metastasis was found expanding the infundibulum and infiltrating the hypothalamus, 9) and one case of metastasis in the pituitary gland extending to the chiasm. 13) A solitary metastasis in the optic chiasm was identified during surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The same mechanism was considered in the previous case, 1) but infiltration from metastasis of nearby structures or dissemination from the CSF spread may have occurred in the other cases of optic chiasm metastasis. 3,9,13,14) The differential diagnoses of suprasellar lesion separate from the pituitary gland include craniopharyngioma, germ cell tumor, optic glioma, and metastatic tumor. Craniopharyngiomas have a bimodal peak of incidence, …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solitary Metastatic Tumor Within the Optic Chiasm -Case Report-

Arai

Morishita

Hanada

et al. 2010

Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)

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A 61-year-old female, previously treated for lung cancer, presented with a rare case of metastasis directly to the optic chiasm manifesting as visual deficits. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a suprasellar mass similar to an optic glioma. At surgery, the optic chiasm appeared swollen with hypervascularity over the surface. The bilateral optic nerves and the pituitary stalk appeared normal. A small incision was made on the superior surface of the chiasm and biopsy specimens were taken. The histological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma, which was consistent with the primary lung cancer. She received whole brain irradiation, resulting in mild improvement of her vision. Suprasellar metastatic tumors to the pituitary gland, pituitary stalk, and hypothalamus are well documented, but solitary metastasis within the optic chiasm should be considered as one of several differential diagnoses of suprasellar tumors, in patients with or without a history of treated cancer.

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“…The destruction of the SCN by a tumor resulted in the disappearance of the circadian rhythm of temperature (Schwartz et al, 1986). In another patient, an SCN lesion due to the surgical removal of a hypothalamic tumor resulted in an altered pattern of sleep/wake and body temperature rhythms in the 24-h period.…”

Section: The Mammalian Master Clock Resides In the Suprachiasmatic Numentioning

confidence: 99%

The Circadian Timing System: Making Sense of day/night gene expression

et al. 2004

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The circadian time-keeping system ensures predictive adaptation of individuals to the reproducible 24-h day/ night alternations of our planet by generating the 24-h (circadian) rhythms found in hormone release and cardiovascular, biophysical and behavioral functions, and others. In mammals, the master clock resides in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. The molecular events determining the functional oscillation of the SCN neurons with a period of 24-h involve recurrent expression of several clock proteins that interact in complex transcription/translation feedback loops. In mammals, a glutamatergic monosynaptic pathway originating from the retina regulates the clock gene expression pattern in the SCN neurons, synchronizing them to the light:dark cycle. The emerging concept is that neural/humoral output signals from the SCN impinge upon peripheral clocks located in other areas of the brain, heart, lung, gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney, fibroblasts, and most of the cell phenotypes, resulting in overt circadian rhythms in integrated physiological functions. Here we review the impact of day/night alternation on integrated physiology; the molecular mechanisms and input/output signaling pathways involved in SCN circadian function; the current concept of peripheral clocks; and the potential role of melatonin as a circadian neuroendocrine transducer.

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A discrete lesion of ventral hypothalamus and optic chiasm that disturbed the daily temperature rhythm

Cited by 88 publications

References 18 publications

The suprachiasmatic nucleus functions beyond circadian rhythm generation

The suprachiasmatic nucleus functions beyond circadian rhythm generation

Solitary Metastatic Tumor Within the Optic Chiasm -Case Report-

The Circadian Timing System: Making Sense of day/night gene expression

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