Introduction:In contemporary capitalism in crisis, health systems around the world are being systematically weakened due to the application of social counter-reforms through neoliberal/ultraneoliberal policies promoted by the capitalist state. On the one hand, there is permanent public underfunding, and on the other hand, there is an insertion, reproduction and expansion of the neoliberal market logic in the health sector. This process has transformed health into a sector focused on the accumulation of capital and the incessant search for its greater appreciation. Objective: To analyze the Latin American scientific production on the financing of health systems in Latin America in contemporary capitalism in crisis, in order to understand how the Latin-American authorsAmericans discuss health financing in light of Navarro's critical thinking, from his 1978 work "La Medicina bajo el Capitalismo". Method: Initially, a review of the literature on health in contemporary capitalism in crisis was carried out. Then, an integrative review was carried out, based on the question: How has the scientific literature, especially Latin American, been discussing the financing of health systems in Latin America in contemporary capitalism in crisis? The bibliographic search was performed in the Virtual Health Library, on February 3, 2023, with 265 publications, and including, after the selection process, 23 articles in the integrative review. Finally, a comparative analysis was carried out, identifying convergences and divergences between the results of the review in the light of the critical thinking of Vicente Navarro López.
Results:The articles included in the review were classified in thematic bundles: 65.2% discussed the financing and privatization of health and universal health insurance coverage; 47.8%, financing in the midst of health sector reform processes; 43.5%, public health underfunding; 39.1%, financing in the midst of fiscal or tax reform processes or seeking new sources of health funding; 26.1%, financing in the midst of health decentralization processes; and 17.4%, funding in the midst of constituent processes or the implementation of new political constitutions. While the convergences and divergences between the results of these articles and the contributions of Navarro's critical thinking, it was identified that 39.1% had some approximation to the Marxist method of study, as opposed to functionalism; 30.4% were critical of the supposed theory of stages of development in the approach to health; 47.8% and 21.7% addressed the economic and political determinants of underdevelopment of health and the right to health, respectively; and1% discussed the influence of international agencies on health policy decisions. Conclusions: Latin American researchers in the field of health financing face the challenges of studying it dialectically with the economic, political and social scenario of capitalist societies themselves in which health is inserted, and to incorporate in its analysis the social determination of health in co...