A Differentiation of Self Scale in Two Domains for Japan: A Preliminary Study on Its Development and Reliability/Validity

Abstract

In this study, a differentiation of self scale was created applicable to two domains-intrapsychic and interpersonal, and was named the Differentiation of Self Scale in Two Domains (DSS-2D). A preliminary study was then performed on its reliability and validity. A questionnaire survey was conducted with university students (n = 273). Exploratory factor analysis results were used to divide DSS-2D into 4 subscales. The intrapsychic differentiation scale corresponded to intrapsychic differentiation, while 3 subscales-the interpersonal differentiation togetherness scale, interpersonal differentiation individuality scale, and adaptive interpersonal relationship scale-corresponded to the interpersonal domain. The reliability coefficients for each subscale were sufficient. In all subscales, there was a significant correlation with trait anxiety, as was theoretically anticipated, and criterion-related validity was confirmed. These results support the future utility of DSS-2D.

Decision Maker Profiling Using Their Mental Behavior Pattern

“…Messina et al ( 2018 ) examined the impact of counseling on Bowenian differentiation of self. Kudo ( 2018a , b ) reported on a study of feasibility and reliability of profiling, anticipated by the differentiation of self- scale, and confirmed by anamnesis performed directly with the patients. Vargas et al ( 2018 ) correlated the instrument for measuring differentiation of self with Gordon's personality instrument.…”

An Additional Consideration of Reliability and Validity of the Differentiation of Self Scale in Two Domains

“…The Differentiation of Self Scale in Two Domains (DSS-2D; Kudo, 2018) is a 29-item self-report scale measuring the degree of differentiation of self in terms of four subscales: Interpersonal Differentiation Togetherness Scale (e.g., I spend a lot of energy trying to get recognized by others), Intrapsychic Differentiation Scale (e.g., I am able to distinguish emotions as emotions and think rationally), Interpersonal Differentiation Individuality Scale (e.g., I have my own beliefs), and Adaptive Interpersonal Relationship Scale (e.g., I am able to enjoy interacting with people). The following internal consistencies have been reported: Interpersonal Differentiation Togetherness Scale (10 items), α = 0.83; Intrapsychic Differentiation Scale (8 items), α = 0.83; Interpersonal Differentiation Individuality Scale (6 items), α = 0.79; and Adaptive Interpersonal Relationship Scale (5 items), α = 0.75 (Kudo, 2018). Responses are given on a 7-point Likert scale (1 = "does not apply at all" to 7 = "greatly applies").…”

“…To date there have been few empirical studies in Japan on the differentiation of self. Kudo (2018) pointed out the lack of appropriate scales available in Japan as one of the reasons. However, it is difficult to say that it is enough to create a Japanese version of the LDSS or DSI-R, in that the differentiation of self hypothesis assumes the influence of cultural differences.…”

“…To improve the situation in Japan, Kudo (2018) They are able to judge things reasonably. Kagan (1965) states that while there are people who think carefully after gathering more information and cautiously make a conclusion, others will conclude quickly with less information, and such individual differences are seen in the dimension of reflection-impulsivity.…”

“…Japan to promote Japan's empirical research on the differentiation of self hypothesis.According toKudo (2018), scales for measuring differentiation of self should satisfy the following three requirements. First, it should correspond to the two domains of differentiation.…”