A differential pumping system to deliver windowless VUV photons at atmospheric pressure

Abstract

In order to deliver VUV (vacuum ultraviolet) photons under atmospheric pressure conditions, a differential pumping system has been built on the DISCO beamline at the SOLEIL synchrotron radiation facility. The system is made of four stages and is 840 mm long. The conductance-limiting body has been designed to allow practicable optical alignment. VUV transmission of the system was tested under air, nitrogen, argon and neon, and photons could be delivered down to 60 nm (20 eV).

Exploring the peptide fragmentation mechanisms under atmospheric pressure photoionization using tunable VUV synchrotron radiation

“…The photons were guided to the APPI source exactly where the photons are emitted by the discharge lamp of the commercial Photospray TM source (AB Sciex, Toronto, Canada) [18,19]. The photon transmission through the differential pumping system was comprised between 80 and 100% for photon energies ranging between 8 and 9 eV [20]. The source was finally coupled to a hybrid quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (Q-Star Pulsar i, AB-Sciex).…”

Atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry of guanine using tunable synchrotron VUV radiation

“…The photons were driven toward the APPI source exactly where the photons were emitted by the discharge lamp of the commercial Photospray ® source (AB Sciex, Toronto, Canada) [15,16]. The photon transmission through the differential pumping system was comprised between 80 and 100% for photon energies ranging between 7 and 9 eV [17]. The source was finally coupled to a hybrid quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (QStar, AB Sciex).…”

Photochemistry simulation of planetary atmosphere using synchrotron radiation at soleil. Application to Titan’s atmosphere

“…It possesses three end-stations. One of those, referred to as APEX (for Atmospheric Pressure Experiment) is fitted with an atmospheric pressure differential pumping system, which allows delivering monochromatic VUV photons down to 60 nm in rare gas atmospheres (Giuliani et al 2011). The reactor was mounted on the APEX port.…”

“…This particular beamline possesses a powerful differential pumping stage (Giuliani et al 2011) allowing us to work in a wide range of pressure up to the atmosphere and especially in the mbar range. This pressure range is comparable to that reached in other simulation methods based on plasma discharges (Szopa et al 2006).…”