A differential prey response to invasive lionfish, Pterois volitans: Prey naiveté and risk-sensitive courtship

Black, Andrew N.; Weimann, Sonia R.; Imhoff, Vance E.; Richter, Martin L.; Itzkowitz, Murray

doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2014.06.002

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…In particular, many authors have surmised that the na€ ıve prey hypothesis-in which native species do not recognize the threat posed by the lionfish's unique appearance and stalking behavior and fail to evade approaches by themexplains the high rates of native prey consumption by lionfish in the invaded range (Albins and Hixon 2013, Côt e and Maljkovi c 2010, Cure et al 2012, Côt e et al 2013a, Marsh-Hunkin et al 2013, Black et al 2014, Kindinger 2015, Anton et al 2016, Eaton et al 2016, Benkwitt 2017. In particular, many authors have surmised that the na€ ıve prey hypothesis-in which native species do not recognize the threat posed by the lionfish's unique appearance and stalking behavior and fail to evade approaches by themexplains the high rates of native prey consumption by lionfish in the invaded range (Albins and Hixon 2013, Côt e and Maljkovi c 2010, Cure et al 2012, Côt e et al 2013a, Marsh-Hunkin et al 2013, Black et al 2014, Kindinger 2015, Anton et al 2016, Eaton et al 2016, Benkwitt 2017.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trait‐mediated foraging drives patterns of selective predation by native and invasive coral‐reef fishes

et al. 2019

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As the geographic ranges of species are increasingly altered by forces such as biological invasion and climate change, when and where will strong biotic interactions arise within reassembling communities? Prey selectivity data are often of limited use for predicting future consumptive interactions because they are specific to the identity and relative abundance of species in past assemblages. Here, we investigate whether the strength of consumptive interactions can be predicted based on a priori knowledge of behavioral traits that are hypothesized to affect the predation process and recur across species. To test this approach, we conducted multi-species foraging trials with coral-reef fishes in the Bahamas, a diverse, traitrich fauna for which interactions are likely shifting rapidly due to the introduction of predatory Indo-Pacific lionfish. We evaluated predictions about the combined effects of three behavioral traits-water column position of both predator and prey, anti-predator aggregation behavior of prey, and hunting strategy of predators-on successive phases of the predation process and ultimately the strength of predator-prey interactions. Tracking predator and prey behaviors revealed that inter-specific variation in traits mediated relative encounter, attack, and capture rates between different predators and prey. Behaviorally driven bottlenecks at different stages of the process underpinned selective consumption by each predator species, resulting in large differences in total mortality rates among prey species. Our analysis also suggests that unique behaviors exhibited by invasive lionfish, rather than na€ ıve responses by prey, mediate their high foraging success relative to native predators. Our results illustrate how incorporating a priori knowledge about foraging and anti-predator traits can improve predictions of the strength of emergent consumptive interactions caused by global change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trait‐mediated foraging drives patterns of selective predation by native and invasive coral‐reef fishes

et al. 2019

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“…Similarly, Kindinger (2015) showed that territorial 3-spot damselfish, Stegastes planifrons, that responded aggressively to all native fishes had reactions to captive lionfish that did not differ from the response toward empty controls. In contrast, Black et al (2014) demonstrated, using another native Atlantic pomacentrid, S. leucostictus, that native prey can recognize and respond with anti-predator behavior in the presence of lionfish. However, this prey species did not modify their high-risk courtship behavior in the presence of the invader (Black et al 2014), a result that suggests that other prey may similarly increase their risk predation when managing tradeoffs with foraging and/or reproductive demands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In contrast, Black et al (2014) demonstrated, using another native Atlantic pomacentrid, S. leucostictus, that native prey can recognize and respond with anti-predator behavior in the presence of lionfish. However, this prey species did not modify their high-risk courtship behavior in the presence of the invader (Black et al 2014), a result that suggests that other prey may similarly increase their risk predation when managing tradeoffs with foraging and/or reproductive demands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…To date, few biotic controls have been identified in the invaded range: Atlantic lionfish are relatively free of parasites (Sikkel et al 2014) and do not experience increased mortality or emigration even at extreme densities (Benkwitt 2013). Lionfish possess an impressive array of traits that may render them difficult to detect and/or may confuse prey (Lönnstedt & McCormick 2013, Marsh-Hunkin et al 2013, Black et al 2014 and are themselves well-defended from predation by venomous dorsal spines (Halstead et al 1955). As such, predation on lionfish in the invaded range, although reported, is irregular and thus far insufficient to control their densities (Hacke rott et al 2013), which have been reported as high as 393 ind.…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fairy basslet are common prey of the invader, which actively stalks juveniles and adults with large pectoral fins extended, herding individuals before striking rapidly (Albins & Lyons 2012). Anecdotally, fairy basslet individuals do not employ as robust an anti-predator response (fleeing into small refugia in the reef) to lionfish as toward native mesopredators, and experiments with other native Atlantic prey species have demonstrated a suboptimal response to the threat of predation by this novel predator (Black et al 2014).…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lionfish cause increased mortality rates and drive local extirpation of native prey

Ingeman¹

2016

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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As predators play a central role in prey population regulation, predicting the impact of a novel predator requires determining how the invader affects the compensatory dynamics that underlie native prey persistence. The Indo-Pacific lionfish Pterois volitans is an invasive mesopredator that voraciously consumes native coral-reef fishes of the tropical western Atlantic and Caribbean. The fairy basslet Gramma loreto is a common prey of lionfish, and pre-invasion research has demonstrated that basslet populations undergo regulating density-dependent mortality due to predation. To unequivocally measure lionfish effects on prey mortality and to test whether prey survival remained density-dependent when exposed to predation by the invader, a controlled field experiment was conducted wherein both fairy basslet settlement density and lionfish presence were manipulated by divers on natural coral reefs. On reefs with and without lionfish, fairy basslet populations were repeatedly censused over the 28 d experimental period and mortality rates across a gradient of prey densities were quantified. Per capita loss of fairy basslet was density-dependent on reefs with and without introduced lionfish; however, the magnitude of this loss was significantly higher on reefs with the invader present. High mortality rates at low prey density resulted in local extinction of 2 of 14 fairy basslet populations exposed to the invader, a phenomenon observed only on lionfish reefs. Further, 9 out of 14 lionfish-exposed prey populations showed loss rates of > 50% compared with just 3 prey populations with such rates on nativeonly reefs.

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Strategies and Tactics for the Occupation of Available Territories

2020

Fish Behavior 1

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A differential prey response to invasive lionfish, Pterois volitans: Prey naiveté and risk-sensitive courtship

Cited by 25 publications

References 74 publications

Trait‐mediated foraging drives patterns of selective predation by native and invasive coral‐reef fishes

Trait‐mediated foraging drives patterns of selective predation by native and invasive coral‐reef fishes

Lionfish cause increased mortality rates and drive local extirpation of native prey

Strategies and Tactics for the Occupation of Available Territories

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