A different empirical perspective on sex bias in the diagnosis ofDSM III Axis II disorders

Gilbertson, Alan D.; McGraw, Linda K.; Brown, Nancy E.

doi:10.1007/bf01064056

Psych Quart

1986

DOI: 10.1007/bf01064056

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A different empirical perspective on sex bias in the diagnosis ofDSM III Axis II disorders

Alan D. Gilbertson

Linda K. McGraw²,

Nancy E. Brown³

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Cited by 5 publications

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“…Sex bias in the diagnosis of BPD has not yet been the subject of study, despite the fact that, of all the personality disorder diagnoses, BPD is probably the most frequently applied, both to inpatients and outpatients (Frances & Widiger, 1987; Kroll, 1988) and despite epidemiological evidence that women receive a borderline diagnosis more frequently than men at a rate of anywhere from 2:1 to 9:1 depending on the sample under investigation (Akhtar, Byrne, & Doghramji, 1986; Castaneda & Franco, 1985; Frances & Widiger, 1987; Gilbertson, McGraw, & Brown, 1986; Henry & Cohen, 1983; Kirshner & Johnston, 1983; Sheehy, Goldsmith, & Charles, 1980).…”

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confidence: 99%

Sex bias in the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.

Becker¹,

Lamb²

1994

Professional Psychology: Research and Practice

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This study questioned the existence of sex bias in the clinical diagnosis of both borderline personality disorder (BPD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Social workers, psychologists, and psychiatrists (N = 1,080) were asked in a mail survey to assess the applicability of a number of diagnoses to a case tailored to include equal numbers of criteria for both BPD and PTSD. Half of the subjects received a "male" case; the other half received an identical "female" case. Results from the final sample of 311 revealed sex bias in diagnosis, particularly with respect to sex of client, sex of clinician, and profession of clinician.Although in recent years there has been an increasing research focus on sex bias in psychiatric diagnosis, studies examining the possible influence of gender of patient on diagnoses made according to the revised third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-HI-R; American Psychiatric Association, 1987) are few in number. Data from several analogue studies seem to support the conclusions that antisocial personality disorder is a diagnosis more frequently applied to men than to women when symptomatology is identical (Fernbach, Winstead, & Derlega, 1989;Ford & Widiger, 1989;Warner, 1978) and that a diagnosis of histrionic (hysterical) personality disorder is more often applied to women (Ford & Widiger, 1989;Hamilton, Rothbart, & Dawes, 1986;Warner, 1978) regardless of whether the case study used presents ambiguous criteria for diagnosis or clear-cut criteria prototypical of the disorders. Unreplicated analogue studies have shown a lack of sex bias in the DSM-III diagnoses of masochistic personality disorder (Fuller & Blashfield, 1989), somatization disorder (Fernbach et al., 1989), and primary orgasmic dysfunction (Wakefield, 1987).It is not surprising that the DSM-III (American Psychiatric Association, 1980) and DSM-IH-R (American Psychiatric Association, 1987) personality disorders have been so well represented among diagnoses that have been examined for possible sex bias, because, of all categories, they "seem to represent medical diseases least of all and to be dependent on social conventions most of all" (Kroll, 1988, p. 9). Numerous challenges DANA BECKER, PhD, received'her doctorate from Bryn Mawr College in 1991. She

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confidence: 99%

Sex bias in the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.

Becker¹,

Lamb²

1994

Professional Psychology: Research and Practice

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Sex bias in the diagnosis of personality disorders: A different approach

Funtowicz

Widiger

1995

J Psychopathol Behav Assess

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Schizotypal personality disorder I: The clinical syndrome

Kotsaftis¹,

Neale²

1993

Clinical Psychology Review

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A different empirical perspective on sex bias in the diagnosis ofDSM III Axis II disorders

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Sex bias in the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.

Sex bias in the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.

Sex bias in the diagnosis of personality disorders: A different approach

Schizotypal personality disorder I: The clinical syndrome

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