A dietary intervention with functional foods reduces metabolic endotoxaemia and attenuates biochemical abnormalities by modifying faecal microbiota in people with type 2 diabetes

Medina‐Vera, Isabel; Sánchez‐Tapia, Mónica; Noriega, Lilia G.; Granados‐Portillo, Omar; Guevara‐Cruz, Martha; Flores-López, Adriana; Ávila-Nava, Azalia; Fernández, María Luz; Tovar, Armando R.; Torres, Nimbe

doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2018.09.004

Cited by 135 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…An interesting approach was taken in studies in which several dietary components were combined with the intent of improving cardiovascular health. A diet high in fibre, polyphenols and vegetable proteins induced an increase in 1) gut microbiota diversity and 2) specific bacteria and 3) lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients [45].…”

Section: Dietary Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

How strong is the evidence that gut microbiota composition can be influenced by lifestyle interventions in a cardio-protective way?

et al. 2020

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Section: Dietary Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

How strong is the evidence that gut microbiota composition can be influenced by lifestyle interventions in a cardio-protective way?

et al. 2020

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“…This effect could be depended of the metabolic status, with better outcomes in presence of the features of the metabolic syndrome. Taking account the fact the source of LPS, could be possible that gut microbiota differences between groups could reflect on this outcome (Araújo, Tomas, Brenner, & Sansonetti, 2017;Dao & Clément, 2018;Vera et al, 2018) Only in the MH group, SIO produced a meaningful IL-6 decrease in circulating concentration, but the effect on PBMC expression was low. It shows that IL-6 levels in serum do not always reflect production in circulating monocytes.…”

Section: Ic95% Difference P-value Mean (Sd) Mean (Sd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic status is related to the effects of adding of sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) oil on postprandial inflammation and lipid profile: Randomized, crossover clinical trial

2018

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Sacha inchi oil (SIO) is an attractive source of polyunsaturated acids oil. A randomized crossover clinical trial was done to evaluate SIO effects on postprandial lipids and inflammatory state caused by a high‐fat intake. Twenty metabolically healthy (MH) and 22 metabolically unhealthy (MU) subjects consumed a high‐fat breakfast alone or supplemented with SIO. The biomarkers were measured in serum upon fasting, and after 1 and 4 hrs after breakfast. Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) expression was determined in mononuclear cells. In the MH group, SIO reversed the cholesterol increase [iAUCHFM: 0.27 mmol/L/4 h (IQR: −0.07/0.81); iAUCHFM+S: −0.18 mmol/L/4 h (IQR: −0.49/0.31) p = 0.037] and decreased interleukin‐6 concentration. In MU group, SIO attenuated lipopolysaccharides increase and interleukin‐6 expression [(FCHFM = −1.19 (IQR: −1.72/1.93) and FCHFM+S = −1.83 (IQR: −4,82/−0.01), p = 0.017]. The effects of a high‐fat meal on postprandial lipids and inflammation could be modified by the addition of SIO, but the outcomes are depending on the metabolic individual status. Practical applications The seeds of Plukenetia volubilis L., also known as Sacha inchi, Sacha peanut or Inca peanut are an attractive vegetable source of oil which includes a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Furthermore, the intake of Sacha inchi oil could improve the postprandial responses of a high‐fat intake, and could be able to help to prevent cardiovascular diseases. Our results contribute to know the effects of this oil on postprandial inflammation and lipids. In addition, establishing how a person’s basal metabolic status can determinate the metabolic response to this oil can help improve its use, and our results add evidence about the role of nutrition and diet in health and disease. At this time, the cultivation of Sacha inchi is being proposed as an agro‐industrial alternative for the improvement of quality of living in Colombian rural areas.

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“…Observational studies comparing fecal microbiota from healthy subjects to patients with different types of metabolic diseases strongly suggest that the gut microbiota plays a significant role in the etiology and development of obesity and diabetes that is accompanied by a low-grade inflammation known as metabolic endotoxemia. 2,3 Currently, the increase in obesity rates worldwide has been associated with an increase in the intake of energy-dense foods that are not only high in fat but also high in sugar. 4 To combat this trend without compromising our preference for sweet foods, noncaloric sweeteners (NCS) have been developed to reduce caloric intake, and consumption of other natural sweeteners such as brown sugar or honey has been promoted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of metabolic endotoxemia is dependent on the type of sweetener and the presence of saturated fat in the diet

et al. 2020

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Fat and sweeteners contribute to obesity. However, it is unknown whether specific bacteria are selectively modified by different caloric and noncaloric sweeteners with or without a high-fat diet (HFD). Here, we combined extensive host phenotyping and shotgun metagenomics of the gut microbiota to investigate this question. We found that the type of sweetener and its combination with an HFD selectively modified the gut microbiota. Sucralose and steviol glycosides led to the lowest α-diversity of the gut microbiota. Sucralose increased the abundance of B. fragilis in particular, resulting in a decrease in the abundance of occludin and an increase in proinflammatory cytokines, glucose intolerance, fatty acid oxidation and ketone bodies. Sucrose+HFD showed the highest metabolic endotoxemia, weight gain, body fat, total short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), serum TNFα concentration and glucose intolerance. Consumption of sucralose or sucrose resulted in enrichment of the bacterial genes involved in the synthesis of LPS and SCFAs. Notably, brown sugar and honey were associated with the absence of metabolic endotoxemia, increases in bacterial gene diversity and anti-inflammatory markers such as IL-10 and sIgA, the maintenance of glucose tolerance and energy expenditure, similar to the control group, despite the consumption of an HFD. These findings indicate that the type of sweetener and an HFD selectively modify the gut microbiota, bacterial gene enrichment of metabolic pathways involved in LPS and SCFA synthesis, and metabolic endotoxemia associated with different metabolic profiles.

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A dietary intervention with functional foods reduces metabolic endotoxaemia and attenuates biochemical abnormalities by modifying faecal microbiota in people with type 2 diabetes

Cited by 135 publications

References 40 publications

How strong is the evidence that gut microbiota composition can be influenced by lifestyle interventions in a cardio-protective way?

How strong is the evidence that gut microbiota composition can be influenced by lifestyle interventions in a cardio-protective way?

Metabolic status is related to the effects of adding of sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) oil on postprandial inflammation and lipid profile: Randomized, crossover clinical trial

The development of metabolic endotoxemia is dependent on the type of sweetener and the presence of saturated fat in the diet

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