A dietary factor concerned in coprosterol formation

Rosenheim, Otto; Webster, T. A.

doi:10.1042/bj0350920

Cited by 42 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…Anaerobic intestinal bacteria not capable of forming coprostanol. Investigators (6,15,16) have been unsuccessful in attempts to demonstrate coprostanol formation by organisms that will grow or form colonies on cholesterolfree agar media either aerobically or anaerobically. During their isolation of the cholesterolreducing Eubacterium, Eyssen et al (8) also found that none of the colony-forming organisms could form coprostanol.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholesterol-reducing bacterium from human feces

Sadzikowski¹,

Sperry²,

Wilkins³

1977

Appl Environ Microbiol

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An anaerobic, gram-positive diplobacillus that reduces cholesterol to coprostanol was isolated from human feces and rat cecal contents. The isolates closely resemble a cholesterol-reducing organism isolated by Eyssen et al. (H. Eyssen et al., Eur. J. Biochem. 36:412-421, 1973) from a rat's cecum. These organisms would not form colonies and were isolated and cultivated in an anaerobic medium containing homogenized pork brains (naturally high in cholesterol). These organisms require free or esterified cholesterol for growth. They were isolated by serially diluting feces or cecal contents and inoculating brain medium. Colony-forming organisms, which did not reduce cholesterol, were eliminated by addition of inhibitory agents to the brain medium cultures. This serial dilution procedure was performed until a pure culture of a cholesterolreducing organism was obtained.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholesterol-reducing bacterium from human feces

Sadzikowski¹,

Sperry²,

Wilkins³

1977

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…PS and its metabolites mentioned above have been detected in human feces (see Section 3 below) and its biotransformation route is similar to that of cholesterol (see Figure ). Rosenheim and Webster, and Coleman and Baumann demonstrated the conversion of β‐sitosterol into ethylcoprostanol through in vivo and in vitro studies, respectively. In addition, biotransformation studies using pure culture of Eubacterium sp.…”

Section: The Relationship Between Dietary Sterols and Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Dietary Sterols and Gut Microbiota: A Review

Cuevas-Tena

Alegrı́a

Lagarda

2018

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Cholesterol intestinal absorption differs markedly from that of plant sterols; whereas the cholesterol absorption rate is high (30–60%) for total plant sterols it is low (2–3%). Non‐absorbed sterols reach the colon, where the microbiota interacts with them. Non‐absorbed cholesterol biotransformation has been widely studied by in vitro fermentation assays using gut microbiota from human feces and pure cultures of enteric microorganisms. A great variety of sterols and its metabolites have been detected, which allows establishing two pathways for cholesterol microbial degradation to coprostanol. However, biotransformation studies of plant sterols are scarce and its microbial transformation pathway remains to be fully clarified. Furthermore, the sterol contents in feces are highly variable among individuals, due to specific microbiota and especially dietary factors. However, no standardized methodology has been developed for sterols and their metabolites determination in feces. Studies on sterol excretion values, microbial transformation, and sterol determination methodology have been reviewed. Given that cholesterol metabolites can contribute to the development of colon cancer and that information about plant sterols biotransformation is scarce, this review contributes to improve the knowledge of the sterol implication in the gut microbiota and of PS impact in the colonic microbiota metabolization of cholesterol. Practical Applications: It has been suggested that the metabolites produced during the biotransformation of cholesterol have pro‐carcinogenic activity within colon. In addition, it has been indicated that the intake of high doses of plant sterols can attenuate or decrease this biotransformation. However, it is still unknown if the microbial metabolites of plant sterols have the same effect as those of animal origin. In order to shed light on the aforementioned aspects, all the information about the dietary sterols biotransformation and their impact on gut microbiota have been compiled. In addition, the sterols contents in feces and their methodologic analysis have also been reviewed. This review offers a broad view on the interaction between dietary sterols and gut microbiota, which can help to the better understand the relationship between microbiota and sterols for future research studies. This review presents the impact of dietary sterol on gut microbiota and microbial transformation of dietary sterols.

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“…The Sf [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] It has been observed repeatedly in hypercholesterolemic rabbits that during the first 72 hours following a single tritium-cholesterol meal the specific activity of esterified serum cholesterol is greater than the free cholesterol specific activity.9 In man this was not the case; indeed the reverse was demonstrated, the free cholesterol initially having a higher specific activity than the esterified fraction. The explanation of this difference remains to be clarified.…”

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confidence: 99%