A dichoptic presentation device and a method for measuring binocular temporal function in the visual system

Eisen-Enosh, Auria; Farah, Nairouz; Burgansky-Eliash, Zvia; Maharshak, Idit; Polat, Uri; Mandel, Yossi

doi:10.1016/j.exer.2020.108290

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…We also map the spatio-temporal thresholds only for monocular viewing conditions. Some studies have suggested that such visual constraint lowers the measured CFF in comparison to binocular viewing [Ali and Amir 1991;Eisen-Enosh et al 2020]. Further work is required to confirm the significance of such an effect in the context of displays.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Perceptual Model for Eccentricity-dependent Spatio-temporal Flicker Fusion and its Applications to Foveated Graphics

Krajancich,

Kellnhofer,

Wetzstein

2021

Preprint

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Perceptual Model for Eccentricity-dependent Spatio-temporal Flicker Fusion and its Applications to Foveated Graphics

Krajancich,

Kellnhofer,

Wetzstein

2021

Preprint

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“…In animal models, neurons in the primary visual cortex can generate not only stronger but also faster response when they receive bilateral visual inputs, compared to monocular input. 39 Psychophysical studies in humans showed that binocular viewing can enhance reaction time, 40 , 41 critical flicker frequency threshold, 8 and even audiovisual temporal acuity. 42 Additional evidence from electrophysiological studies in humans reveals that response latency is shorter when using two eyes compared to one.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The same mechanism could explain why such an effect was not observed in the amblyopic group as patients with amblyopia present a lack of binocular summation. 8 , 44 , 45 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although amblyopia is primarily thought of as a disorder of spatial vision, 1 – 6 patients with amblyopia also exhibit deficits in temporal visual processing. It has been suggested that the amblyopic eye (AE) is associated with poorer temporal resolution, 7 lower critical flicker frequency, 8 and higher temporal synchrony thresholds. 9 As consequences of these monocular temporal deficits, accumulating evidence 9 , 10 indicates that patients with amblyopia show abnormal binocular functions in temporal processing as well.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interocular Transfer: The Dichoptic Flash-Lag Effect in Controls and Amblyopes

Wang

Song

et al. 2022

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Purpose The mammalian brain can take into account the neural delays in visual information transmission from the retina to the cortex when accurately localizing the instantaneous position of moving objects by motion extrapolation. In this study, we wanted to investigate whether such extrapolation mechanism operates in a comparable fashion between the eyes in normally sighted and amblyopic observers. Methods To measure interocular extrapolation, we adapted a dichoptic version of the flash-lag effect (FLE) paradigm, in which a flashed bar is perceived to lag behind a moving bar when their two positions are physically aligned. Twelve adult subjects with amblyopia and 12 healthy controls participated in the experiment. We measured the FLE magnitude of the subjects under binocular, monocular, and dichoptic conditions. Results In controls, the FLE magnitude of binocular condition was significantly smaller than that of monocular conditions ( P ≤ 0.023), but there was no difference between monocular and dichoptic conditions. Subject with amblyopia exhibited a smaller FLE magnitude in the dichoptic condition when the moving bar was presented to the amblyopic eye and the flash to the fellow eye (DA condition) compared to the opposite way around (DF condition), consistent with a delay in the processing of the amblyopic eye ( P = 0.041). Conclusions Our observations confirm that trajectory extrapolation mechanisms transfer between the eyes of normal observers. However, such transfer may be impaired in amblyopia. The smaller FLE magnitude in DA compared to DF in patients with amblyopia could be due to an interocular delay in the amblyopic visual system. The observation that normal controls present a smaller FLE in binocular conditions raises the question whether a larger FLE is or is not an indicator of better motion processing and extrapolation.

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“…We studied the temporal function using the critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF) paradigm, which is known to be reduced in amblyopic subjects 44 , 45 using a customized dichoptic system. 45 We also performed spatiotemporal perception tests using computerized contrast sensitivity tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%