A diagnostic classification version of Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire using diagnostic classification models

Abstract

Objective To obtain more precise and rich information from the measurements for schizotypal personality disorder (SPD), a cutting‐edge psychometric theory called diagnostic classification models (DCMs) was first employed in the present study to develop a diagnostic classification version of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (DC‐SPQ) based on the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Methods Under the framework of DCMs, 980 college students were recruited to calibrate item parameters of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire. Items that fit the psychometric characteristic would be selected to compose the DC‐SPQ, prior to an analysis of its indexes. Results Results showed that the DC‐SPQ had high reliability and validity in both the classical test theory and DCMs, in addition to showing a sensitivity of 0.921 and a specificity of 0.841 with area under receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.936. Meanwhile, the four‐factor model proposed adequately fits with the data. More importantly, the DC‐SPQ provides not only the general‐level information similar to traditional questionnaires but also the symptom‐level information with the posterior probability, which provides an insight into delivering the individual‐specific intervention that is tailor made to schizotypal personality disorder. Conclusions This study demonstrates that the DC‐SPQ is very valuable for psychometric detection in that it can clarify the symptom being measured and provide more reasonable estimates.

The Relationship between the Level of Anterior Cingulate Cortex Metabolites, Brain-Periphery Redox Imbalance, and the Clinical State of Patients with Schizophrenia and Personality Disorders

“…The subject of the study was the changes in this period (psychotic decompensation), which concerned patients with schizophrenia who experienced a clear deterioration of their condition in terms of clinical symptoms. Due to the indications appearing in the literature of the heterogeneity of clinical symptoms of the classified groups of patients and the possibility of determining of the schizotypes resulting from different causative factors (a diagnostic approach based on causative factors facilitating the classification) [ 36 ], we decided to link the observed changes of marked clinical deterioration with the areas of individual brain structures in terms of cellular metabolism with simultaneous changes in peripheral markers in both analyzed groups. In the aspect of the multifactorial nature of schizophrenia, it seems important to link the above-mentioned factors that may also coexist among healthy people or people with personality disorders with central changes [ 37 ].…”

Evaluación en esquizotipia: una revisión sistemática hacia los modelos clínicos y de personalidad

“…Specifically, predominance of the SPQ stands out, as it is used in more than half of the researches reviewed, and it has a wide acceptance in clinical, subclinical, and general populations ( Torbet et al, 2015 ) that extends to its short versions SPQ-B, SPQ-BR ( Callaway et al, 2014 ; Mitchell and Cohen, 2017 ), demonstrating capacity of adaptation to the advances of current models, such as the DC-SPQ structure developed for DSM 5 ( Xi, et al, 2019 ).…”

The relationship between schizotypal personality features and mind wandering among college students during COVID-19 pandemic: A moderator of depression

“…One possible explanation is that the two studies used different indicators to assess psychological outcomes. Schizotypal personality features in our study are a latent and deep psychological construct and are considered a prototype characterized by impairments in identity, self-direction, empathy, and/or intimacy, along with specific maladaptive traits in the domains of psychoticism and detachment ( 40 ), which reflect the comprehensive and lasting effect of the pandemic.…”